# US 5,700,561 A · Chromated metal sheet having high corrosion resistance with improved lubricity and electric conductivity

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- Number: US 5,700,561 A
- Document ID: US5700561A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/558,346
- Filed: 1995-11-16
- Granted: 1997-12-23
- Earliest claimed: 1993-07-29
- Assignees: Kawasaki Steel Corporation
- Inventors: Junichi Mano; Youzou Ogawa; Masaki Mabuchi; Keizou Okuno; Nobuo Totsuka
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5700561A

## CPC

- C23C 22/24: containing hexavalent chromium compounds
- C10M 171/06: Particles of special shape or size
- C10M 177/00: Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
- C23C 22/28: Macromolecular compounds
- C23C 22/30: containing also trivalent chromium
- C10M 2201/00: Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M 2201/041: Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M 2201/042: halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
- C10M 2201/061: Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
- C10M 2201/066: Molybdenum sulfide
- C10M 2201/16: Carbon dioxide
- C10M 2201/18: Ammonia
- C10M 2203/00: Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M 2205/00: Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M 2205/022: Ethene
- C10M 2205/14: Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
- C10M 2205/18: Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
- C10M 2207/125: having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M 2207/129: having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
- C10M 2209/04: containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
- C10M 2209/06: containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10M 2209/062: Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
- C10M 2209/104: of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
- C10M 2209/107: of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
- C10M 2211/06: Perfluorinated compounds
- C10M 2213/02: obtained from monomers containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M 2213/062: Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
- C10N 2010/04: Groups 2 or 12
- C10N 2040/24: without essential removal of material {, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding}; Punching metal
- C10N 2040/241: {Manufacturing joint-less pipes}
- C10N 2040/242: {Hot working}
- C10N 2040/243: {Cold working}
- C10N 2040/244: {of specific metals}
- C10N 2040/245: {Soft metals, e.g. aluminum}
- C10N 2040/246: {Iron or steel}
- C10N 2040/247: {Stainless steel}
- C10N 2060/04: Oxidation, e.g. ozonisation
- C10N 2080/00: Special pretreatment of the material to be lubricated, e.g. phosphatising or chromatising of a metal
- Y10T 428/12542: More than one such component
- Y10T 428/12611: Oxide-containing component
- Y10T 428/12847: Cr-base component
- Y10T 428/25: Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T 428/254: Polymeric or resinous material
- C23C: COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL (making metal-coated products by extrusion B21C23/22; covering with metal by connecting pre-existing layers to articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B21D39/00, B23K; metallising of glass C03C; metallising mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics or natural stone C04B41/00; enamelling of, or applying a vitreous layer to, metals C23D; treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D; single-crystal film growth C30B; by metallising textiles D06M11/83; decorating textiles by locally metallising D06Q1/04)
- C10M: LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS (well drilling compositions C09K8/02); USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION (mould release, i.e. separating, agents for metals B22C3/00, for plastics or substances in a plastic state, in general B29C33/56, for glass C03B40/02; textile lubricating compositions D06M11/00, D06M13/00, D06M15/00; immersion oils for microscopy G02B21/33)
- C10N: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

The improved version of a chromated metal sheet has a chromate layer on at least one side of a metal substrate or a plated metal substrate and it is characterized in that the chromate layer has a chromium deposit of 10-200 mg/m.sup.2 per surface in terms of metallic Cr, that the chromate layer contains silica in an amount of 0.1-6.0 in terms of the weight ratio of SiO.sub.2 to Cr, and that the chromate layer contains at least one kind of lubricating particles selected from the group consisting of graphite, MoS.sub.2, BN, calcium stearate and an organic lubricating substance in an amount of 0.1-100 in terms of the weight ratio of the lubricating particles to Cr. The lubricating particles can have a surface layer capable of nonionic surface activating action, and this surface layer accounts for 1-70 wt % of the lubricating particles. The chromated metal sheet has sufficient lubricity to withstand press forming in the absence of lube oil coatings, has high enough electric conductivity to present no problems in spot weldability and groundability, and has sufficiently high corrosion resistance to withstand use in a naked state.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A chromated metal sheet that has high corrosion resistance along with improved lubricity and electrical conductivity, comprising: a chromate layer on at least one surface of a metal substrate or a plated metal substrate,
wherein said chromate layer has a chromium deposit in the range of 10-200 mg/m.sup.2 per surface in terms of metallic Cr,
wherein said chromate layer contains silica in a weight ratio of 0.1-6.0 of SiO.sub.2 to Cr and lubricating particles selected from the group consisting of graphite, MoS.sub.2, BN, calcium stearate and an organic lubricating substance, said lubricating particles being present in a weight ratio of 0.1-100 of the lubricating particles to Cr, and wherein the coverage of the surface of said metal substrate with said lubricating particles is less than 50%.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A chromated metal sheet according to claim 1 wherein the organic lubricating substance comprises particles selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, polyolefin waxes, modified polyolefin waxes and fluorocarbons.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1, 2)

A chromated metal sheet according to either of claims 1 or 2 wherein said metal substrate is a steel sheet.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1, 2)

A chromated metal sheet according to either of claims 1 or 2 wherein said plated metal substrate is an electrogalvanized steel sheet or a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

A chromate metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein said lubricating particles have an average particle size of less than 20 .mu.m.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A chromate metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein said improved electrical conductivity is equivalent to surface electric resistivities of less than 0.5.OMEGA..

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A chromate metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein said chromate metal sheet is capable of withstanding press forming in the absence of lube oil coating.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A chromate metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein said chromate metal sheet is capable of being used for parts for home electrical appliances.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A chromate metal sheet according to claim 1, wherein said lubricating particles have a surface layer capable of nonionic surface activating action formed on the lubricating particle, said surface layer capable of nonionic surface activating action being about 1%-70% by weight of said lubricating particle, said lubricating particles as calculated in terms of the lubricating particle being present in a weight ratio of 0.1-100 to Cr.

### Claim 10

A chromated metal sheet possessing the combined properties of high corrosion resistance, improved lubricity and improved electrical conductivity, comprising:
a metal substrate,
a chromate layer adhered to said metal substrate,
said chromate layer comprising a chromium deposit in the range of 10-200 mg/m.sup.2 expressed as metallic Cr,
a plurality of silica particles dispersed throughout said chromate layer in a weight ratio of 0.1-6.0 parts by weight of SiO.sub.2 per unit weight of Cr;
a plurality of lubricating particles dispersed throughout said chromate layer, said lubricating particles being selected from the group consisting of graphite, MoS.sub.2, BN, calcium stearate and an organic lubricating substance, said lubricating particles being present in a weight ratio of 0.1-100 per unit weight of Cr,
wherein said lubricating particles are dispersed on the surface of said metal substrate with a coverage of less than 50%; and
wherein said lubricating particles have a surface layer nonionic surfactant positioned on each of said lubricating particles, said surfactant having nonionic surface activating action and being present in an amount of about 1%-70% by weight of the weight of said lubricating particles, said lubricating particles being present in a weight ratio of 0.1-100 to the weight of Cr.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The chromated metal sheet defined in claim 10, wherein the said chromium in said chromate layer is predominately trivalent chromium, and
wherein at least 70 wt % of the total Cr content of said chromate layer is insoluble in an aqueous alkaline solution.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

A chromated metal sheet according to claim 10, wherein the organic lubricating substance comprises lubricating particles selected from the group consisting of natural waxes, polyolefin waxes, modified polyolefin waxes and fluorocarbons.

### Claim 13 (depends on 10)

A chromated metal sheet according to claim 10, wherein said metal substrate is a steel sheet.

### Claim 14 (depends on 10)

A chromated metal sheet according to claim 10, wherein said metal substrate is plated and selected from the group consisting of an electrogalvanized steel sheet and a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet.

### Claim 15 (depends on 10)

A chromated metal sheet according to claim 10, wherein said metal substrate is plated and selected from the group consisting of an aluminum plated steel sheet and an aluminum alloy plated steel sheet.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

A chromated metal sheet according to claim 10, wherein said metal substrate is selected from the group consisting of an aluminum sheet and an aluminum alloy sheet.