# US 5,700,558 A · Hydrocarbon absorbent

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- Number: US 5,700,558 A
- Document ID: US5700558A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/569,978
- Filed: 1995-12-08
- Granted: 1997-12-23
- Earliest claimed: 1995-12-08
- Inventors: Alvin F. Bopp
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5700558A

## CPC

- C09K 3/32: for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
- Y10T 428/249981: Plural void-containing components
- Y10T 428/253: Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

One embodiment of the present invention provides for a biodegradable absorbent material for oil or other hydrocarbon liquid spills. The material consists of a mixture of granulated foam, microbial nutrient, de-dust agent and ground cellulosic material. This mixture is superior to other absorbent mixtures because it biodegrades faster than other mineral or organic adsorbents and is less expensive than synthetic adsorbents on the market today. The material is useful in field operations, plants and shop or even home use. Another embodiment of the present invention, provides for a system for absorbing hydrocarbon based liquids spilled on a surface using the absorbent material described.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An absorbent material comprising:
a mixture of granulated foam, microbial nutrient, de-dust agent and ground cellulosic material, wherein;
the granulated foam is selected from the group consisting of urea-formaldehyde foam and polyurethane foam,
the absorbent material is about 6% to about 15% by weight granulated foam,
the absorbent material is about 0.1% to 1% by weight microbial nutrient,
the microbial nutrient is a composite material for promoting growth of hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms, comprising:
a core having water soluble, microbial available nutrients, wherein said nutrients include nitrogen in the form of an ammonium compound, phosphorous in the form of a microbial available phosphate compound, and iron in a form of microbial available iron compound; and
a sacrificial oleophilic, lipophilic, partially oil soluble and biodegradable coating having a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated fatty acid, wherein said coating encapsulates said core, and the absorbent material is about 79% to 93% by weight cellulosic material.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, wherein the absorbent material is about 10% by weight granulated foam.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, wherein the absorbent material comprises up to about 5% de-dust agent.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The material of claim 3, wherein the absorbent material is about 2% to 3.5% de-dust agent.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, wherein the de-dust agent is selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, rice bran oil and vegetable oil.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, having an absorption capacity for hydrocarbon based liquid of about 2.5 to about 6.5 grams of hydrocarbon based liquid per gram of absorbent material.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, having an absorption capacity for hydrocarbon based liquids of about 4 grams of hydrocarbon based liquid per gram of absorbent material.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, wherein the cellulosic material is selected from the group consisting of rice hulls, cotton linters, corn cobs, peat moss, ground pine, and pure .alpha.-cellulose, and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The material of claim 1, having the characteristic of pellets.