Hollow beam electron tube having TM.sub.0x0 resonators, where X is greater than 1
AssigneeCommunications & Power Industries, Inc.
InventorsErling L. Lien, Heinz Bohlen
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
An inductive output tube, e.g., a KLYSTRODE, or a klystron, has a substantially hollow electron beam traversing a resonant cavity excited to the TM.sub.0x0 mode, where x is greater than 1.
Claims38
An electron tube for handling a signal having a frequency in a predetermined frequency band comprising:
- means for deriving a substantially hollow linear electron beam, means for collecting the substantially hollow linear electron beam, a predetermined beam tunnel, the beam tunnel being arranged between the means for deriving and the means for collecting so that the beam traverses the tunnel, and resonant cavity means having an interaction region coupled with the beam tunnel for varying the beam in the beam tunnel as a function of the signal, the resonant cavity means being disposed between the deriving and collecting means and configured so electromagnetic fields therein associated with the signal are in the TM.sub.0x0 mode for frequencies in said predetermined frequency band, where x is an integer greater than 1, the resonant cavity means having a central axis and the electromagnetic fields associated with the signal include an electric field associated with the signal for the TM.sub.0x0 mode, said TM.sub.0x0 mode electric field associated with the signal having a maximum value substantially at the central axis and a peak value at a location substantially displaced from the central axis, the resonant cavity means being arranged so the electron beam interacts therein with the peak value of the TM.sub.0x0 mode electric field that is substantially displaced from the central axis.
A resonant cavity comprising a substantially annular hollow electron beam tunnel, a resonant cavity structure having an interaction region coupled with the tunnel, the structure having an outer portion surrounding the tunnel and an inner portion surrounded by the tunnel, the resonant cavity structure being configured in a TM.sub.0x0 mode for oscillations of an electron beam traversing the tunnel, where x is an integer greater than 1, the cavity having a central axis and a maximum electric field for the TM.sub.0x0 mode of the oscillations of the electron beam, the maximum electric field being substantially at the central axis, the TM.sub.0x0 mode having:
- a peak electric field for the oscillations of the electron beam at a location substantially displaced from the central axis, the peak electric field for the TM.sub.0x0 mode being established in the tunnel, the tunnel and resonant cavity structure being arranged so the electron beam interacts with the peak electric field for the TM.sub.0x0 mode in the tunnel.
A resonant cavity comprising a substantially annular hollow electron beam tunnel, a resonant cavity structure having an interaction region coupled with the tunnel, the structure having an outer portion surrounding the tunnel and an inner portion surrounded by the tunnel, the resonant cavity structure being configured so there is a location therein located away from metal walls of the cavity where there are electric fields having approximately a zero magnitude, the electric fields being associated with oscillations of an electron beam traversing the tunnel, the tunnel and resonant cavity structure being arranged so an oscillating electron beam in the tunnel traverses a portion of the tunnel radially displaced from a central axis of the cavity structure, electric fields of electromagnetic waves in the resonant cavity structure associated with the oscillations of the electron beam being of (a) maximum amplitude at the central axis and (b) at a peak amplitude at the tunnel.
An electron tube for handling an RF signal having a predetermined frequency band, the tube having a longitudinal axis and comprising an input coaxial feed responsive to the signal and concentric with the axis;
- a coaxial output feed concentric with the axis;
- said feeds extending in the direction of the axis and being centrally located relative to the axis;
- a cathode structure concentric with the axis for emitting an electron beam;
- an electron beam tunnel concentric with the axis and arranged relative to the cathode structure so that the emitted beam traverses the electron beam tunnel, an input resonant cavity structure:
- (a) including a first portion of the beam tunnel arranged so the beam propagates through the input resonant cavity structure via the first portion of the beam tunnel therein, (b) concentric with the axis and (c) coupled with the input coaxial feed via a region that extends radially from the axis so that the input resonant cavity structure is excited by the input signal to modulate the beam;
- an output resonant cavity structure:
- (a) including a second portion of the beam tunnel arranged so the beam propagates through the output resonant cavity structure via the second portion of the beam tunnel therein, (b) concentric with the axis and (c) coupled with the output coaxial feed via a region that extends radially toward the axis so that the output resonant cavity structure is excited by the modulated beam to drive the output coaxial feed, the input and output resonant cavity structures being excited in a TM.sub.0x0 mode for frequencies in said predetermined frequency band, where x is an integer greater than 1.
An electron tube for handling an RF signal having a predetermined frequency range, the tube having a longitudinal axis and comprising an input coaxial feed responsive to the signal and concentric with the axis;
- a coaxial output feed concentric with the axis;
- said feeds extending in the direction of the axis and being centrally located relative to the axis;
- a cathode structure concentric with the axis for emitting an electron beam;
- an electron beam tunnel concentric with the axis and arranged relative to the cathode structure so the emitted beam traverses the electron beam tunnel, an input resonant cavity structure:
- (a) including a first portion of the beam tunnel arranged so the beam propagates through the input resonant cavity structure via the first portion of the beam tunnel therein, (b) concentric with the axis and (c) coupled with the input coaxial feed via a region that extends radially from the axis so the input resonant cavity structure is excited by the input signal to modulate the beam;
- an output resonant cavity structure:
- (a) including a second portion of the beam tunnel arranged so the beam propagates through the output resonant cavity structure via the second portion of the beam tunnel therein, (b) concentric with the axis and (c) coupled with the output coaxial feed via a region that extends radially toward the axis so the output resonant cavity structure is excited by the modulated beam to drive the output coaxial feed, another resonant cavity structure extending in the direction of the axis and being centrally located relative to the axis for coupling energy from the output resonant cavity structure to the output feed, the output and another resonant cavity structures being configured so they operate in different modes for frequencies in said predetermined frequency band, and means for coupling energy from the output to the another resonant cavity structures.
An electron tube for handling an RF signal having a predetermined frequency range, the tube having a longitudinal axis and comprising an input coaxial feed responsive to the signal and concentric with the axis;
- a coaxial output feed concentric with the axis;
- said feeds extending in the direction of the axis and being centrally located relative to the axis;
- a cathode structure concentric with the axis for emitting an electron beam;
- an electron beam tunnel concentric with the axis and arranged relative to the cathode structure so the emitted beam traverses the electron beam tunnel, an input resonant cavity structure:
- (a) including a first portion of the beam tunnel arranged so the beam propagates through the input resonant cavity structure via the first portion of the beam tunnel therein, (b) concentric with the axis and (c) coupled with the input coaxial feed via a region that extends radially from the axis so the input resonant cavity structure is excited by the input signal to modulate the beam;
- an output resonant cavity structure:
- (a) including a second portion of the beam tunnel arranged so the beam propagates through the output resonant cavity structure via the second portion of the beam tunnel therein, (b) concentric with the axis and (c) coupled with the output coaxial feed via a region that extends radially toward the axis so the output resonant cavity structure is excited by the modulated beam to drive the output coaxial feed, the coupling means including slots in a metal wall between the output and another resonant cavity structures, the metal wall being concentric with and extending in the direction of the axis, the slots being in a tilted orientation relative to the axis so the slots are at an angle between but not including 0.degree. and 90.degree. relative to a plane at right angles to the tube longitudinal axis.
An electron tube for handling a signal having a frequency in a predetermined frequency band comprising:
- means for deriving a substantially hollow linear electron beam, means for collecting the substantially hollow linear electron beam, a predetermined beam tunnel, the beam tunnel being arranged between the means for deriving and the means for collecting so the beam traverses the tunnel, an input resonant cavity responsive to the signal coupled with the tunnel for modulating the electron beam traversing the tunnel in response to the signal so the beam in the tunnel is modulated, an output resonant cavity coupled with the tunnel to be responsive to the modulated beam, both said resonant cavities being configured so electromagnetic fields therein associated with the signal are in the TM.sub.0x0 mode for frequencies in said predetermined frequency band, where x is an integer greater than one.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.