Carboxyalkyl cellulose esters
AssigneeEastman Chemical Company
InventorsJohn Michael Allen, Alan Kent Wilson, Paul Lee Lucas, Larry Gerald Curtis
Life of this patent
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Abstract
This invention provides certain carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) esters of higher acids (e.g., CMC acetate propionate, CMC propionate, CMC acetate butyrate, and CMC butyrate). These new ether derivatives of cellulose esters exhibit solubility in a wide range of organic solvents, compatibility with a variety of resins, and ease of dispersion in a water-borne formulation and are useful in coating compositions as binder resins and theology modifiers.
Claims31
Carboxymethyl cellulose butyrate having a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of carboxymethyl of 0.20 to 0.75, a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of hydroxyl from about 0.10 to 0.70, and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of butyryl of about 1.50 to 2.70, and having an inherent viscosity of 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C.
Carboxymethyl cellulose propionate having a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of carboxymethyl of 0.20 to 0.75, a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of hydroxyl from about 0.10 to 0.70, and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of propionyl of about 1.50 to 2.70, and having an inherent viscosity of 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C.
Carboxymethyl cellulose acetate butyrate having a degree of substitution of carboxymethyl of 0.20 to 0.75, a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of hydroxyl from about 0.10 to 0.70, and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of butyryl of about 0.10 to 2.60 and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of acetyl of 0.10 to 1.65, and having an inherent viscosity of 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C.
Carboxymethyl cellulose acetate propionate having a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of carboxymethyl of 0.20 to 0.75, a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of hydroxyl from about 0.10 to 0.70, a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of propionyl of about 0.10 to 2.60 and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of acetyl of about 0.10 to 2.65, and having an inherent viscosity of 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C.
A coating composition comprising
- (a) about 0.1 to about 50 weight percent, based on the total weight (a) and (b) in said composition, of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 ester of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkylcellulose, an inherent viscosity of about 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetra-chloroethane at 25.degree. C., a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl of greater than 0.2 to about 0.75, and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 esters of about 1.5 to about 2.70;
- (b) about 0.1 to 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of (a) and (b) in said composition, of a resin selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyester-amides, cellulose esters, alkyds, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, polyamides, acrylics, vinyl polymers, polyisocyanates, and melamines;
- and
- (c) an organic solvent or solvent mixture;
- wherein the total weight of (a) and (b) is about 5 to 70 weight percent of the total weight of (a), (b), and (c).
A waterborne coating composition comprising
- (a) about 0.1 to about 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of (a) and (b), of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 ester of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkylcellulose, an inherent viscosity of about 0.20 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetra-chloroethane at 25.degree. C., a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl of greater than about 0.20 to about 0.75, and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 esters of about 1.50 to about 2.70;
- wherein at least about 25 percent of all free carboxyl groups on said C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 ester of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkylcellulose have been neutralized with ammonia or an amine;
- (b) at least 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of (a) and (b), of a compatible water soluble or water dispersible resin selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyester-amides, cellulose esters, alkyds, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, polyamides, acrylics, vinyl polymers, polyurethanes, and melamines;
- (c) water;
- (d) an organic solvent;
- wherein the total weight of (a) and (b) is between 5 and 50 weight percent of the total composition and the organic solvent comprises less than 20 weight percent of the total weight of the composition.
A pigment dispersion comprising about 20 to 50 weight percent by weight of a pigment and correspondingly about 50 to 80 percent by weight of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 ester of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl cellulose having an inherent viscosity of about 0.2 to 0.70 dL/g, as measured in a 60/40 (wt./wt.) solution of phenol/tetrachloroethane at 25.degree. C., a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of carboxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl of about 0.2 to about 0.70, and a degree of substitution per anhydroglucose unit of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 esters of about 1.5 to about 2.7.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.