Non-contact type wave signal observation apparatus

A non-contact type signal observation apparatus which observes signals at a number of observation points on an electromagnetic wave observation plane which faces a distributed constant network under observation, comprising:

• scanning-antenna receiving means for receiving a repetition signal from said network;
• means for generating a pulse signal synchronized with said repetition signal;
• complex voltage converting means for converting said received signal to complex voltages based on the phase of said pulse signal at each observation frequency of said received signal;
• means for converting said complex voltages to image data using an inverse-Fresnel transform process or a Fourier transform process;
• display means for displaying said image data as spectra or waveforms.

A spatial electromagnetic wave analysis apparatus which receives spatial electromagnetic waves at a number of observation points of an electromagnetic wave observation plane, and analyzes states of electromagnetic waves in a space, comprising:

• scanning-antenna receiving means for receiving electromagnetic waves at said observation points by an antenna-element pair with mutually orthogonal 8-figured beam patterns;
• complex signal converting means for converting received signals of said antenna-element pair to complex signals respectively;
• reference signal receiving means for receiving a reference signal in said electromagnetic waves which is used as a reference phase for said received signals;
• means for converting said reference signal to a reference complex signal;
• means for calculating interference data of orthogonal polarized wave components of said received signals by dividing said complex signal by said reference complex signal;
• means for calculating holograms using hologram reconstruction calculations of said interference data over said observation plane;
• means for calculating polarized wave vectors which include results of said hologram calculations in vertical and horizontal components of elliptically polarized waves, at said observation points in said space;
• display means for displaying parameters of said polarized wave vectors at said observation points.

A holographic radar comprising:

• means for radiating electromagnetic waves generated from a high frequency signal modulated by a pulse signal toward an object in a space;
• scanning-antenna receiving means for receiving reflected waves from said object at a number of observation points on a hologram observation plane and for outputting received signals;
• means for quadrature-detecting said received signals using said high frequency signal;
• means for sampling said quadrature-detected signals by a sampling pulse signal synchronized with said pulse signal;
• means for performing hologram reconstruction calculations on said sampled signal with respect to each of said observation points of said hologram observation plane;
• variable delay means for delaying said sampling pulse signal by a delay value before supplying to said sampling means;
• display means for displaying results of said hologram reconstruction calculations relative to said delay value in a three dimension form.

A holographic radar comprising:

• means for radiating electromagnetic waves generated from a high frequency signal modulated by a pulse signal toward an object in a space;
• scanning-antenna receiving means for receiving reflected waves from said object at a number of observation points on a hologram observation plane and for outputting received signals;
• means for converting said received signals to low frequency signals;
• means for sampling said low frequency signals in synchronism with said pulse signal by a sampling pulse signal having a frequency more than two times higher than that of said low frequency signals;
• means for converting a fixed number of data produced by said sampling means which are delayed by a specified delay value through a discrete Fourier transform process;
• means for performing hologram reconstruction calculations on results of said discrete Fourier transform process with respect to each of said observation points on said hologram observation plane;
• display means for displaying results of said hologram reconstruction calculations relative to said delay value in a three dimension form.

A complex wave interference information display apparatus comprising:

• interference data observing means for observing complex two-dimensional wave interference data;
• means for performing hologram reconstruction calculations of said interference data;
• means for converting coordinates of results of said hologram reconstruction calculations from orthogonal to polar coordinates;
• means for converting phase information in polar coordinates data obtained by said converting means to hue information;
• means for modulating said hue information by amplitude information in said polar coordinates data;
• display means for displaying said modulated data as a two-dimensional color image.