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AssigneeSony Corporation
InventorsAkio Yasuda, Keiichi Nito, Eriko Matsui, Hidehiko Takanashi, Yang Ying Bao
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A liquid crystal device comprises a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates wherein domains whose threshold voltages are different from one another are finely distributed throughout the liquid crystal. In particular, the respective substrates each has a transparent electrode and an alignment film formed thereon in this order and the substrates are assembled to establish a given space therebetween, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal being injected into the given space wherein domains are finely distributed as set out above, thereby providing a a liquid crystal display device. The fine distribution is such that when a transmittance through inverted domains is 25%, the number of domains (microdomains) having a size of larger than 2 .mu.m.phi. in a field of 1 mm.sup.2 is not smaller than 300, preferably not smaller than 600, and the width of the threshold voltage within the domains is not smaller than 2 volts within a transmittance range of from 10 to 90%. The liquid crystal device, particularly the display device, keeps a high contrast and can easily, reliably realize an analog gray-scale display at low costs.
A liquid crystal device of the type which comprises a pair of substrates, each having a planar conductor, and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates, fine domains whose threshold voltages for switching the liquid crystal are different from one another being finely distributed in said liquid crystal, wherein a temperature dependence of a cone angle of liquid crystal molecules constituting a plurality of domains whose threshold voltages are different from one another is smaller than that of a monodomain.
A liquid crystal device of the type which comprises a pair of substrates, each having a planar conductor, and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates, fine domains whose threshold voltages for switching the liquid crystal are different from one another being finely distributed in said liquid crystal wherein fine particles are added to said liquid crystal, so that fine domains whose threshold voltages are different from one another are formed, and wherein said fine particles are surface treated to improve dispersability thereof.
A liquid crystal device of the type which comprises a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates, fine domains whose threshold voltages for switching the liquid crystal are different from one another being finely distributed in said liquid crystal, wherein an alignment film formed on at least one of the substrates is an obliquely evaporated film consisting of a multitude of rhombic columns wherein at least a part of a conductive material is intervened in between adjacent rohmbic columns.
A liquid crystal device of the type which comprises a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates, fine domains whose threshold voltages for switching the liquid crystal are different from one another being finely distributed, in said liquid crystal, wherein said liquid crystal has angles of layer inclination which are different from each other at regions in the vicinity of an alignment film formed on at least one of said substrates and at bulk regions other than the first-mentioned regions.
A liquid crystal device of the type which comprises a pair of substrates, each having a planar conductor, and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates, fine domains whose threshold voltages for switching the liquid crystal are different from one another being finely distributed in said liquid crystal wherein said device comprises a pair of substrates each having a transparent electrode and an alignment film formed thereon in this order, the paired substrates being arranged to have a given space therebetween so that the respective alignment films are facing each other, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal being injected into the given space, wherein the number of domains having a size larger than 2 .mu.m.phi. in a field of 1 mm.sup.2 is not smaller than 300, and a transmittance through inverted domains is 25%, and the width of the threshold voltage within the domains is not smaller than 2 volts within a transmittance range of from 10 to 90%.
A liquid crystal device of the type which comprises a pair of substrates, each having a planar conductor, and a liquid crystal provided between the paired substrates, fine domains whose threshold voltages for switching the liquid crystal are different from one another being finely distributed in said liquid crystal wherein said device comprises a pair of substrates each having a transparent electrode and an alignment film formed thereon in this order, the paired substrates being arranged to have a given space therebetween so that the respective alignment films are facing each other, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal being injected into the given space, wherein the number of domains having a size larger than 2 .mu.m.phi. in a field of 1 mm.sup.2 is not smaller than 300, and a transmittance through inverted domains is 25%, and the width of the threshold voltage within the domains is not smaller than 2 volts within a transmittance range of from 10 to 90%, wherein when said liquid crystal is subjected to measurement of x-ray diffraction, two or more highest peaks of an x-ray diffraction intensity which exhibit angles of the layer inclination exist at an incident angle of x-ray not higher than 90.degree. or not lower than 90.degree..
A liquid crystal device according to any of claim 3 and 5 to 21, wherein said alignment film is annealed after vacuum deposition.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.