An optical dispersion compensation method for compensating for a dispersion amount of an optical transmission system which includes a transmitter, a repeater and a receiver and transmits, from the transmitter to the receiver by way of the repeater using an optical fiber, signal light which is arranged, taking a zero-dispersion wavelength .lambda..sub.0 of the optical fiber and a zero-dispersion wavelength deviation range .+-..DELTA..lambda..sub.0 of the optical fiber in its longitudinal direction into consideration, within a transmissible band which is defined by an allowable dispersion value determined from a synergetic effect of self phase modulation and group velocity dispersion in the optical fiber and is set on a shorter wavelength side than a shorter wavelength end .lambda..sub.0 -.DELTA..lambda..sub.0 or on a longer wavelength side than a longer wavelength end .lambda..sub.0 +.DELTA..lambda. of the zero-dispersion wavelength deviation range of the optical fiber, said method comprising the steps of:
- a) incorporating, in advance into at least one of the transmitter, the repeater and the receiver of the optical transmission system, a plurality of kinds of optical dispersion compensator units having different dispersion amounts having different positive and negative signs in such a connected condition as to allow switching of a combination of the optical dispersion compensator units by switching means;
- and
- b) operating the switching means to select a combination of the optical dispersion compensator units from within the plurality of types of optical dispersion compensator units and incorporating the optical dispersion compensator units of the selected combination into the optical transmission system;
- whereby the zero dispersion wavelength .lambda..sub.0 of the optical fiber is shifted to apparently arrange the signal light into the transmissible band to compensate for the dispersion amount of the optical transmission system.