US 5,634,516 AGranted

Method and apparatus for treating or utilizing a hot gas flow

AssigneeFoster Wheeler Energia Oy

InventorsKari Myohanen, Kim Westerlund, Kurt Westerlund

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Abstract

A method and apparatus for cooling hot gas in a reactor which is provided with a mixing chamber for hot gas and a chamber encompassing a bubbling fluidized bed in the lower section of the reactor, a riser in the middle section, a gas outlet in the upper section of the reactor, and heat transfer surfaces for recovering heat from solid particles. The hot gas is introduced through the mixing chamber into the lower section of the reactor. In the mixing chamber solid particles are supplied to the hot gas for cooling the gas. The gas containing solid particles is conveyed into a separator. From the separator, the gas is conveyed through the riser into particle separators and, when purified, out of the reactor. The solid particles separated in the particle separator are returned to the lower section of the reactor, preferably both directly into the mixing chamber and into the fluidized bed. From the fluidized bed, cooled solid particles are conveyed to the mixing chamber for cooling of hot gas.

Claims29

Dependent claims

A method of cooling hot gas in a reactor having lower and upper sections, and having an inlet duct, a fluidized bed, and a mixing chamber in the lower section of the reactor, the mixing chamber having wall surfaces and disposed above the inlet duct, a riser from the mixing chamber, a gas outlet in the upper section of the reactor, and a particle separator in communication with the upper section of the reactor, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) introducing hot gas at a first temperature into the mixing chamber through the inlet duct, the gas flowing upwardly through the mixing chamber where it comes into contact with and entrains cooling particles, and then flows into the riser;
(b) separating particles from gas in the separator, returning the separated particles toward the fluidized bed, and discharging the hot gases from the separator;
(c) introducing some returning particles from step (b) directly into the mixing chamber and others into the fluidized bed;
(d) cooling the particles in, or prior to return to, or both in and prior to return to, the fluidized bed;
and
(e) introducing some cooled particles from the fluidized bed into the mixing chamber so that the cooled particles flow along the wall surfaces of the mixing chamber so as to contact and mix with the hot gas introduced in step (a) and effect cooling thereof, lowering the temperature of the hot gas so that when it is discharged from the separator in step (b) it is at a second temperature lower than the first temperature.

3 more elements

Apparatus for cooling hot gases, comprising:

a reactor having a lower section and an upper section;
a gas outlet in the upper section;
a gas inlet duct located in the lower section of the reactor for introduction of hot gases at a first temperature;
a mixing chamber, in which hot gas and cooling particles are mixed, in the lower section of the reactor above the inlet duct;
a riser connecting the mixing chamber and the upper section of the reactor;
a particle separator in operative communication with the upper section of the reactor for separating particles from gas and for discharging cooled hot gases;
a return duct for returning particles from the particle separator toward the lower section of the reactor;
a fluidized bed of particles connected to the return duct;
means for introducing particles from the return duct directly into the mixing chamber, and into the fluidized bed;
means for cooling separated particles in, or prior to return to, or both in and prior to return to, the fluidized bed;
and
means for introducing some cooled particles from the fluidized bed into the mixing chamber so as to contact and mix with the hot gas introduced into the inlet duct and effect cooling thereof, lowering the temperature of the hot gas discharged from the separator to a second temperature lower than the first temperature.

9 more elements

Apparatus for cooling hot gases, comprising:

a reactor having a lower section and an upper section;
a gas outlet in the upper section;
a gas inlet duct located in the lower section of the reactor through which hot gases at a first temperature are introduced;
a mixing chamber, in which hot gas and cooling particles are mixed, in the lower section of the reactor above the inlet duct;
a riser connecting the mixing chamber and the upper section of the reactor;
a particle separator in operative communication with the upper section of the reactor for separating particles from gas and for discharging cooled hot gas;
a fluidized bed of particles;
a return duct for returning particles from the particle separator to said fluidized bed of particles;
means for cooling separated particles in, or prior to return to, or both in and prior to return to, the fluidized bed;
and
means for introducing some cooled particles from the fluidized bed into the mixing chamber at a level below said cooling means so that the introduced particles have been cooled by said cooling means and so as to contact and mix with the hot gas introduced into the inlet duct and effect cooling thereof lowering the temperature of the hot gas discharged from the separator to a second temperature lower than the first temperature.

8 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application: 08/569,858Filed 8 Dec 1995 · continuation
Priority: FI 93292323 Jun 1993
Granted: 3 Jun 1997
Term ends: Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification9 codes

F22B 31/0084
With combustion in a fluidized bed: with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
B01J 8/386
Being subject to a circulatory movement only: internally, i.e. the particles rotate within the vessel
B01J 8/388
Being subject to a circulatory movement only: externally, i.e. the particles leaving the vessel and subsequently re-entering it
F28C 3/16
The heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid: the particulate material forming a bed, e.g. fluidised, on…