Organophosphorus additives for improved fuel lubricity
AssigneeFMC Corporation
InventorDouglas G. Placek
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The lubricity (anti-wear properties) of hydrocarbon fuels, oxygenate fuels or mixtures thereof, particularly diesel or aviation fuels having reduced sulphur and/or aromatic content for compliance with regulatory requirements, is improved by the addition of a phosphorus ester or esters (phosphates and/or phosphites), or a concentrate containing the ester or esters, having a total acid number at least 1.0 mg KOH/g. The additives also improve corrosion inhibition.
Claims21
An anti-wear fuel composition consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon fuel an oxygenate fuel or mixture thereof, and a minor proportion of a phosphorus acid ester component having a total acid number of from 10 to 300 mg KOH/g, the ester component comprising one or more esters having the general formula I:
- ##STR2## wherein X represents an oxygen atom O or a sulphur atom S, n has a value of 0 or 1, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a residue --OR wherein R represents an alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl group or an alkyl substituted aryl group wherein the alkyl substituents comprise from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represents a residue --OR.
A method for producing a fuel having improved lubricity properties which comprises adding to the fuel an effective quantity of a phosphorus acid ester component having a total acid number of from 10 to 300 mgKOH/g, the component comprising one or more esters having the general formula I:
- ##STR3## wherein X represents an oxygen atom O or a sulphur atom S, n has a value of 0 or 1, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a residue --OR wherein R represents an alkyl or alkenyl group having from I to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl group or an alkyl substituted aryl group wherein the alkyl substituents comprise from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represents a residue--OR.
A concentrate for addition to a hydrocarbon fuel, an oxygenate fuel or mixture thereof, to improve the anti-wear properties thereof, consisting essentially of a phosphorus ester component having a total acid number of from 10 to 300 mg KOH/g and a liquid carrier compatible with the fuel, the ester component comprising one or more esters having the general formula I:
- ##STR4## wherein X represents an oxygen atom O or a sulphur atom S, n has a value of O or 1, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a residue --OR wherein R represents an alkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkenyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an aryl group or an alkyl substituted aryl group wherein the alkyl substituents comprise from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3, represents a residue --OR.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.