US 5,588,381 A · Method and system for burning waste materials

Abstract

A low-pollutant system for waste materials treatment includes a process chamber for converting organic components of the waste materials into a flammable gas and a two-stage vortex burning chamber for complete combustion of the flammable gas. The vortex burning chamber includes a first substantially-horizontal combustion chamber and a second substantially-vertical combustion chamber disposed at a right angle to each other and communicating therebetween. The first combustion chamber has an inlet portion for receiving the flammable combustion gas from the gas generator means for injecting primary air into the first combustion chamber, thereby forming a mixture of air and the flammable gas and thereby igniting the mixture for partial oxidation thereof. The first combustion chamber has a converging distal portion for discharging the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas tangentially into the second combustion chamber, where the gas is mixed with the secondary air which is injected tangentially into the second combustion chamber, thereby substantially completely oxidizing the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas. The second combustion chamber has an outlet portion for discharge of the waste gas resulting from the two-stage combustion of the flammable gas and the solids separated from the gas.

Claims36

Dependent claims

A low-pollutant system for waste materials treatment, comprising:

a process chamber for converting organic components of the waste materials into a flammable gas, and a two-stage vortex burning chamber for combustion of said flammable gas, the two-stage vortex burning chamber being located subsequently to the process chamber;
the vortex burning chamber including a first substantially-horizontal combustion chamber in horizontal fluid communication with the process chamber and a second substantially-vertical combustion chamber disposed at a right angle to each other and communicating therebetween, the first combustion chamber having an inlet portion for receiving the flammable gas horizontally from the process chamber, means for injecting primary air into the first combustion chamber, thereby forming a mixture of air and the flammable gas and thereby igniting the mixture for partial oxidation thereof, the first combustion chamber having a converging distal portion for discharging the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas tangentially into the second combustion chamber, thereby substantially completely oxidizing the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas, and the second combustion chamber having an outlet portion for discharge of the waste gas resulting from the two-stage combustion of the flammable gas.

A low-pollutant system for waste materials treatment, comprising:

a process chamber for converting organic components of the waste materials into a flammable gas, and a two-stage vortex burning chamber for combustion of said flammable gas, the two-stage vortex burning chamber being located subsequently to the process chamber;
the vortex burning chamber including a first substantially-horizontal combustion chamber and a second substantially-vertical combustion chamber disposed at a right angle to each other and communicating therebetween, the first combustion chamber having an inlet portion for receiving the flammable gas from the process chamber means for injecting primary air into the first combustion chamber thereby forming a mixture of air and the flammable gas and thereby igniting the mixture for partial oxidation thereof, the first combustion chamber having a converging distal portion for discharging the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas tangentially into the second combustion chamber, thereby substantially completely oxidizing the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas, and the second combustion chamber having an outlet portion for discharge of the waste gas resulting from the two-stage combustion of the flammable gas,
wherein the process chamber includes:
a vertical furnace;
means for providing a temperature gradient along the vertical furnace with a top portion of the furnace having the lowest temperature, and a bottom portion of the furnace having the highest temperature;
means for reception of the waste materials at the top portion of the vertical furnace;
means for running the received waste materials from the top portion to the bottom portion of the vertical furnace, thereby successively drying, degassing and gasifying the waste materials, resulting in producing carbon, ashes, inert materials, and incompletely burnt gas.

4 more elements

A low-pollutant system for waste materials treatment, comprising:

a process chamber for converting organic components of the waste materials into a flammable gas, the flammable gas including a lean gas, and a two-stage vortex burning chamber for combustion of said flammable gas, the two-stage vortex burning chamber being located subsequently to the process chamber;
the vortex burning chamber including a first substantially-horizontal combustion chamber and a second substantially-vertical combustion chamber disposed at a right angle to each other and communicating therebetween, the first combustion chamber having an inlet portion for receiving the flammable gas from the process chamber, means for injecting primary air into the first combustion chamber, thereby forming a mixture of air and the flammable gas and thereby igniting the mixture for partial oxidation thereof, the first combustion chamber having a converging distal portion for discharging the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas tangentially into the second combustion chamber, thereby substantially completely oxidizing the partially-oxidized mixture of air and the flammable gas, and the second combustion chamber having an outlet portion for discharge of the waste gas resulting from the two-stage combustion of the flammable gas;
the process chamber including a vertical furnace;
means for providing a temperature changing from 120.degree. F. to 1470.degree. F. along the vertical furnace with a top portion of the furnace having the lowest temperature, and a bottom portion of the furnace having the highest temperature;
means for reception of the waste materials at the top portion of the vertical furnace;
means for running the received waste materials from the top portion to the bottom portion of the vertical furnace, thereby
successively drying, degassing and gassifying the waste materials, resulting in producing carbon, ashes, inert materials, and incompletely burned flammable gas;
a system grate being mounted in the lower third of the vertical furnace and pivoted on a revolving axle;
the system grate including a 30.degree. -angled roof, the roof having a plurality of slots;
at least one paddle being mounted on the roof, and respective spaces being arranged around the system grate between the system grate and internal walls of the vertical furnace;
an ash afterburning chamber being located underneath the system grate, wherein the carbon, ashes and inert matters, resting on the system grate, are conveyed through said slots in the roof and the respective spaces around the system grate into the ash afterburning chamber;
the system grate including a gasification and a cracking zone, respectively, such that the incomplete burnt gases being forced through said slots in the roof of the system grate, thereby resulting in short-chain hydrocarbon molecules and carbon monoxide.

9 more elements

An apparatus for burning waste material, wherein the apparatus does not produce slag, wherein substantially reduced operating temperatures are utilized, and wherein the resulting gases can be discharged to the atmosphere at substantially reduced environmental pollution, comprising a vertical furnace having a top portion, a lower portion, and an intermediate portion, respectively, means for delivering waste materials to the top portion of the furnace, such that the waste materials pass through the furnace and are substantially heated, a grate within the intermediate portion of the furnace through which the heated waste materials are passed, thereby producing ashes which fall to the bottom portion of the furnace for subsequent removal, and thereby further producing a flammable gas mixture, a two-stage vortex combustion chamber including a first substantially-horizontal chamber for receiving and partially oxidizing the flammable gas mixture, and further including a second substantially-vertical chamber communicating with the first chamber for substantially completely oxidizing the flammable gas mixture, means for generating a vortex action in the second chamber as the partially-oxidized flammable gas mixture is discharged from the first chamber into the second chamber, and means for introducing primary air or oxygen into at least one of the chambers in the two-stage vortex combustion chamber, wherein the resulting gas discharged from the two-stage vortex combustion chamber is relatively free of pollutants.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Method and system for burning waste materials

Life of this patent

Method and system for burning waste materials

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims36