US 5,580,362 AGranted

Process for gasification and/or reforming

AssigneeKortec, Inc.

InventorsMircea T. Manulescu, Jean-Paul Vandenhoeck

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Abstract

The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for gasifying liquid and/or fine-grain solid gasification substances and/or for reforming a gas, using a gasification agent, in a reactor (1). In the process the process heat is supplied by heat carrier particles which are heated within a substantially closed circuit in a heater (5) by combustion gases which are produced in a combustion chamber (3), and passed through the reactor (1) in counter-flow relationship with the gasification substance or the gas to be reformed and the gasification agent, and then returned to the heater (5) for renewed heating. In accordance with the invention the particles and the combustion gas form a fluidized bed above at least one grid (34, 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d, 34e) arranged in the heater (5). The particles flow out of the heater (5) into the adjoining combustion chamber (3) in which they form a fluidized bed with the combustion gas and pass by way of a flow transfer pipe (7, 7') out of the combustion chamber (3) into an upper region of the reactor (1). The throughput of particles through the flow transfer pipe (7, 7') forms a seal which prevents a throughflow of product gas which is generated in the reactor (1). The particles form one or more fluidized beds in the reactor (1) with the gasification substance and/or the gas to be reformed.

Claims28

Dependent claims

A process for gasifying a gasification substance by adding a gasification agent in a reactor to which process heat is supplied by heat carrier particles, the process comprising the steps of:

introducing said heat carrier particles into an upper part of a heater, the heater comprising a combustion chamber in a lower part, and heating the heat carrier particles in the heater by combustion gases produced in the combustion chamber;
injecting fuel and combustion air into the combustion chamber through nozzles arranged in a lower region of the combustion chamber distributed around a periphery of the combustion chamber for producing the combustion gases, for forming a fluidized bed of the heat carrier particles by the combustion gas above at least one grid arranged in the heater having a plurality of first flow transfer pipes formed therein to allow limited flow of heat carrier particles therethrough, and for forming a bubbling fluidized bed in the combustion chamber;
introducing the gasification substance together with the gasification agent into a lower region of the reactor by at least one feed pipe;
passing the heat carrier particles by way of a second flow transfer pipe out of the combustion chamber into an upper region of the reactor;
partially deflecting the throughput of heat carrier particles through the second flow transfer pipe by an orifice plate disposed adjacent an outlet opening of the second flow transfer pipe to form a main component of heat carrier particles that flows through the orifice plate and impinges on a distribution plate located downstream of the orifice plate and a smaller diverted component that provides for substantially uniform distribution of the heat carrier particles in the upper region of the reactor;
building up a column of heat carrier particles within the second flow transfer pipe that forms a seal and that prevents the throughflow of product gas generated in the reactor;
forming at least one fluidized bed of the particles above at least one grid arranged in the reactor with the gasification substance;
and
returning the heat carrier particles to the heater for renewed heating.

6 more elements

A process for reforming a gas by adding a gasification agent in a reactor to which process heat is supplied by heat carrier particles, the process comprising the steps of:

introducing said heat carrier particles into an upper part of a heater, the heater comprising a combustion chamber in a lower part, and heating the heat carrier particles in the heater by combustion gases produced in the combustion chamber;
injecting fuel and combustion air into the combustion chamber through nozzles arranged in a lower region of the combustion chamber distributed around a periphery of the combustion chamber for producing the combustion gases, for forming a fluidized bed of the heat carrier particles by the combustion gas above at least one grid arranged in the heater having a plurality of first flow transfer pipes formed therein to allow limited flow of heat carrier particles therethrough, and for forming a bubbling fluidized bed in the combustion chamber;
introducing the gas to be reformed together with the gasification agent into a lower region of the reactor by at least one feed pipe;
passing the heat carrier particles by way of a second flow transfer pipe out of the combustion chamber into an upper region of the reactor;
partially deflecting the throughput of heat carrier particles through the second flow transfer pipe by an orifice plate disposed adjacent an outlet opening of the second flow transfer pipe to form a main component of heat carrier particles that flows through the orifice plate and impinges on a distribution plate located downstream of the orifice plate and a smaller diverted component that provides for substantially uniform distribution of the heat carrier particles in the upper region of the reactor;
building up a column of heat carrier particles within the second flow transfer pipe that forms a seal and that prevents the throughflow of product gas generated in the reactor;
forming at least one fluidized bed of the particles above at least one grid arranged in the reactor with the gas to be reformed;
and
returning the heat carrier particles to the heater for renewed heating.

6 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application: 08/371,589Filed 12 Jan 1995 · continuation
Priority: DE 40 28 853.611 Sep 1990
Granted: 3 Dec 1996
Term ends: Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification26 codes

C10J 3/56
Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation: apparatus; Plants
B01J 8/1836
With fluidised particles: heating and cooling the reactor
B01J 8/44
According to "fluidised-bed" technique: fluidisation grids
C01B 3/28
Of hydrocarbons: using moving solid particles, e.g. fluidised bed technique