Method of thermal utilization of waste materials
AssigneeNoell-DBI Energie-Und Entsorgungstechnik GmbH
InventorsManfred Schingnitz, Peter Gohler, Heinz Martin
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Abstract
A method for the thermal utilization of combustible components of waste materials of different properties and origin, independently of the degree of contamination with heavy metals and toxic organic compounds or organic chlorine-containing compounds. The waste materials are subjected to the method steps of pyrolysis, comminution, classification, gasification and gas purification in order to produce a clean gas which can be used for various purposes and as a source of energy and an elution-proof, mineral, solid residue which can be easily disposed of.
Claims17
A method of thermal utilization of waste materials of any consistency containing combustible or organic components, the method comprising the steps of:
- (a) feeding the waste materials containing at least a portion of a coarse, noncomminutable material into an externally heated cylindrical rotary pyrolysis furnace;
- (b) subjecting the waste materials to a carbonization process in the cylindrical rotary pyrolysis furnace with the exclusion of air at temperatures of up to approximately 800.degree. C. for producing a solid pyrolysis residue and a pyrolysis gas containing vaporized hydrocarbons;
- separating the pyrolysis gas from the solid pyrolysis residue at temperatures above the condensation temperature of the vaporized hydrocarbons;
- (d) subjecting the solid pyrolysis residue to a separation process including comminuting and classifying states, wherein a fine material is obtained which is enriched with coke-like compounds and a coarse material is obtained which is free of organic impurities and is composed essentially of metal components;
- (e) feeding the pyrolysis gas and the fine material to an entrained flow gasification reactor;
- (f) converting the pyrolysis gas and the fine material in the gasification reactor with a gasification agent containing free oxygen autothermally in a flame reaction at a temperature of 1400.degree. C. and above the melting temperature of the mineral residues into gas containing CO and H.sub.2 and free of hydrocarbons and a mineral residue in the form of a molten slag;
- and
- (g) using a portion of the gas generated in the gasification reactor for externally heating the cylindrical rotary pyrolysis furnace, wherein the temperatures occurring in the gasification reactor are regulated by varying the quantity of free oxygen to the quantity of carbon in the pyrolysis gas and in the fine material.
A method of thermal utilization of waste materials of any consistency containing combustible or organic components, the method consisting essentially of the steps of:
- (a) feeding the waste materials containing at least a portion of a coarse, noncomminutable material into an externally heated cylindrical rotary pyrolysis furnace;
- (b) subjecting the waste materials to a carbonization process in the cylindrical rotary pyrolysis furnace with the exclusion of air by indirectly heating the waste material to a temperature of up to approximately 800.degree. C for producing a solid pyrolysis residue and a pyrolysis gas containing vaporized hydrocarbons;
- (c) separating the pyrolysis gas from the solid pyrolysis residue at temperatures above the condensation temperature of the vaporized hydrocarbons;
- (d) subjecting the solid pyrolysis residue to a separation process including comminuting and classifying stages, wherein a fine material is obtained which is enriched with coke-like compounds and a coarse material is obtained which is free of organic impurities and is composed essentially of metal components;
- (e) feeding the pyrolysis gas and the fine material from step (d) to an entrained flow gasification reactor;
- (f) converting the pyrolysis gas and the fine material in the gasification reactor with a gasification agent containing free oxygen autothermally in a flame reaction at a temperature of approximately 1400.degree. C. and above the melting temperature of the mineral residues by adjusting the ratio of the amount of free oxygen to the amount of carbon contained in the pyrolysis gas and the fine material to obtain a gas containing CO and H.sub.2 and free of hydrocarbons and a mineral residue in form of a molten slag;
- (g) cooling the molten slag, granulating the slag by contacting the slag with water and discharging the slag from the gasification reactor;
- and
- (h) cooling the gas enriched with CO and H.sub.2 and removing sulfur compounds, hydrogen halides and aerosols therefrom.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.