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US 5,516,462 AGranted
Enhanced cycle lifetime electrochromic systems
AssigneeThe United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
InventorsMelvin H. Miles, Ronald A. Henry, Dwight A. Fine
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Abstract
Electrochromic systems providing enhanced cycle lifetime. The increase in cycle lifetime is a product of one or more of the following: novel or known asymmetric viologen compounds, mixed electrolyte systems, and mixed solvent systems.
Claims14
An electrochromic system having an enhanced reversible electrochromic cycle lifetime comprising:
- an electrochromic viologen compound;
- and,
- a mixed electrolyte system,
- wherein said mixed electrolyte system is comprised of a solvent and a combination of two or more electrolytes selected from the group of combinations consisting of:
- KBr/KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KBr/K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KCl/KNO.sub.3, KCl/KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KCl/K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KNO.sub.3 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KBr/KCl/KNO.sub.3, KBr/KCl/KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KBr/KCl/K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KBr/KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KBr/KNO.sub.3 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KBr/KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KCl/KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KCl/KNO.sub.3 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KCl/KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KBr/KCl/KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2, KBr/KCl/KNO.sub.3 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KBr/KCl/KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KCl/KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, KBr/KNO.sub.3 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4, and KBr/KCl/KNO .sub.3 /K.sub.2 SO.sub.4 /KC.sub.2 H.sub.3 O.sub.2,
- wherein the reversible cycle lifetime is in excess of that obtainable using a single electrolyte system.
3 more elements
An electrochromic system having an enhanced reversible electrochromic cycle lifetime, the system comprising:
- an electrochromic viologen compound;
- a solvent consisting of water and at least one non-water component selected from the group consisting of DMSO, acetone, acetonrile, 1-propanol, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol;
- and
- electrolytes soluble in said solvent to release therein at least two kinds of anions selected from the group consisting of bromide, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and acetate anions, each of said electrolytes being a salt present in said solvent in a proportion of at least 0.20 mole per kilogram of solvent.
1 more element
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.