Probe for monitoring a fluid medium

A biomedical probe, comprising:

• a sleeve forming a hypodermic needle;
• a reflector in the sleeve;
• and
• at least one fiber optic in the sleeve for emitting and collecting an electromagnetic wave, the fiber optic spaced from the reflector, the fiber optic and the reflector defining a fluid slot, wherein the reflector reflects the emitted wave transmitted through a fluid toward the fiber optic.

A probe for monitoring a fluid medium, comprising:

• a base having an upper surface and a lower surface, and at least one hole extending from the upper to the lower surface for transmitting an electromagnetic wave;
• a window having a first and second major surface, wherein the first major surface of the window faces toward the upper surface of the base and the second major surface of the window faces toward the fluid medium being monitored, wherein the window is capable of transmitting the electromagnetic wave;
• and
• a reflector, spaced apart from the window, for reflecting the electromagnetic wave after interaction with the fluid medium, wherein the window and the reflector define surfaces of a chamber containing the fluid medium.

A biomedical probe, comprising:

• a sleeve forming a hypodermic needle;
• a reflector in the sleeve;
• a fiber optic pair, facing the reflector, wherein at least one fiber of the fiber optic pair is for emitting and at least one fiber is for collecting an electromagnetic wave;
• and
• wherein the fiber optic pair spaced from the reflector defines a fluid slot.

A probe for monitoring a fluid medium, comprising:

• a base having an upper and a lower surface, and a plurality of holes extending from the upper to the lower surface;
• means for sealing the plurality of holes and transmitting an electromagnetic wave;
• and
• a reflector, spaced from the sealing means by the fluid medium, for reflecting the electromagnetic wave after interaction with the fluid medium.

A probe for monitoring a fluid medium, comprising:

• a base having an upper surface and a lower surface, and a cavity located along the upper surface, and at least one hole extending from the upper to the lower surface for transmitting an electromagnetic wave;
• at least one fiber optic in the hole for emitting and collecting the wave;
• a window having a first major surface and a second major surface, wherein the first major surface of the window faces toward the upper surface of the base and the second major surface of the window faces toward the fluid medium, wherein a pressure of the fluid medium is applied in a direction that causes the window to flex toward the cavity in the base and wherein the window is capable of transmitting the electromagnetic wave;
• and
• a reflector, spaced apart from the window, for reflecting the electromagnetic wave after interaction with the fluid medium.

A probe for monitoring a fluid medium, comprising:

• a base having at least one hole;
• a window, disposed across the hole, capable of transmitting an electromagnetic wave;
• and
• a reflector in the fluid medium, spaced apart from the window, disposed to reflect the electromagnetic wave after interaction with the fluid medium.

A probe for monitoring a fluid pressure, temperature and composition, simultaneously or separately, comprising:

• a pressure cell base having an upper and lower surface, a cavity located along the upper surface, at least one hole extending from the upper surface to the lower surface;
• a fiber optic in the hole;
• a sapphire force collector diaphragm having first and second major surfaces, mounted on the pressure cell base over the cavity, so that the first major surface faces toward the upper surface of the base and the second major surface faces toward the fluid being monitored so that the pressure of the fluid is applied in a direction that causes the diaphragm to flex toward the base;
• a silicon layer, formed on the first major surface of the diaphragm, doped with P-type or N-type dopant atoms;
• and
• a temperature sensitive element.

A probe for monitoring a fluid pressure, temperature and composition, simultaneously or separately, comprising:

• a pressure cell base having an upper and lower surface, a cavity located along the upper surface, at least one hole extending from the upper surface to the lower surface;
• at least a fiber optic pair, in the hole, for emitting and collecting an electromagnetic wave;
• a force collector diaphragm having first and second major surfaces, mounted on the pressure cell base over the cavity, so that the first major surface faces toward the upper surface of the base and the second major surface faces toward the fluid being monitored so that the pressure of the fluid is applied in a direction that causes the diaphragm to flex toward the base, wherein the diaphragm is a single crystalline diaphragm having a 100 plane and crystallographic axes of 110;
• at least one wheatstone bridge formed on the first major surface of the diaphragm, wherein the bridge is doped with P-type or N-type dopant atoms;
• a first temperature sensitive element disposed on the 100 plane;
• and
• a second temperature sensitive element in series with the first element and disposed on the 100 plane, wherein the first element includes a first longitudinal axis on the 110 axis and the second element includes a second longitudinal axis defining a 90 degree angle with respect to the 110 axis.

A probe for monitoring a fluid pressure, temperature and composition, simultaneously or separately, comprising:

• an alumina pressure cell base having an upper and lower surface, a cavity located along the upper surface, at least one hole extending from the upper surface to the lower surface;
• at least a fiber optic pair, in the hole, at least one fiber optic for emitting and the other fiber optic for collecting an electromagnetic wave;
• a sapphire force collector diaphragm having first and second major surfaces, mounted on the pressure cell base over the cavity, so that the first major surface faces toward the upper surface of the base and the second major surface faces toward the fluid being monitored so that the pressure of the fluid is applied in a direction that causes the diaphragm to flex toward the base, wherein the diaphragm is a single crystalline diaphragm having a 100 plane and crystallographic axes of 110;
• at least one silicon wheatstone bridge formed on the first major surface of the diaphragm, wherein the bridge is doped with P-type dopant atoms;
• a first silicon temperature sensitive element doped with P-type dopant atoms disposed on the 100 plane;
• and
• a second temperature sensitive element doped with P-type dopant in series with the first element and disposed on the 100 plane, wherein the first element includes a first longitudinal axis on the 110 axis and the second element includes a second longitudinal axis defining a 90 degree angle with respect to the 110 axis.

A probe for monitoring a fluid pressure, temperature and composition, simultaneously or separately, comprising:

• a base having an upper and lower surface, a cavity located along the upper surface, at least one hole extending from the upper to the lower surface;
• means, in the hole, for transmitting an electromagnetic wave;
• a diaphragm having a first and second major surface, the first major surface facing the upper surface and the second major surface facing the fluid, wherein a fluid pressure is applied in a direction that causes the diaphragm to flex toward the cavity, wherein the diaphragm is capable of transmitting the electromagnetic wave;
• a pressure sensitive element on the diaphragm;
• a temperature sensitive element on the diaphragm;
• and
• a reflector, spaced from the diaphragm, for reflecting the electromagnetic wave.