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US 5,507,843 AGranted
Fuel compositions
AssigneeShell Oil Company
InventorsJiang-Jen Lin, Pen-Chung Wang, Sarah L. Weaver
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
The present invention is directed to the use of multiple cyclic nitrogen-containing alkoxylate compounds as additives in fuel compositions. The invention is also directed to the use of these multiple cyclic nitrogen-containing alkoxylate compounds for decreasing intake valve deposits, controlling octane requirement increases and reducing octane requirement. The invention is further directed to a class of multiple cyclic nitrogen-containing alkoxylate compounds.
Claims33
A fuel composition comprising a mixture of a major amount of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of an additive compound having the formula:
- ##STR39## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, alkyl-phenols wherein the alkyl contains from 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula II:
- ##STR40## wherein z is from 2 to 20;
- cyclic amides of Formula III:
- ##STR41## wherein a is from 2 to 20;
- and cyclic groups of Formula IV:
- ##STR42## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of cyclic imides of Formula II and cyclic amides of Formula III;
- R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula V:
- ##STR43## wherein b is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.6 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and c is from 0 to 50;
- and cyclic amides of Formula VI:
- ##STR44## wherein d is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.7 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and e is from 0 to 50;
- x and y are each individually from 1 to 50;
- and the weight average molecular weight of the additive compound is greater than about 600;
- with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be a cyclic amide, a cyclic imide or a cyclic group containing cyclic amides, cyclic imides or a mixture thereof;
- with the further proviso that R.sub.1 must be a cyclic amide of Formula IV when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or alkyl;
- and with the still further proviso that when only R.sub.2 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, x must be greater than one;
- and with the even still further proviso that when only R.sub.3 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, y must be greater than one.
13 more elements
A method for decreasing intake valve deposits in an internal combustion engine which comprises burning in said engine a fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of an additive compound having the formula:
- ##STR57## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, alkyl-phenols wherein the alkyl contains from 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula II:
- ##STR58## wherein z is from 2 to 20;
- cyclic amides of Formula III:
- ##STR59## wherein a is from 2 to 20;
- and cyclic groups of Formula IV:
- ##STR60## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from cyclic imides of Formula II and cyclic amides of Formula III;
- R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula V:
- ##STR61## wherein b is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.6 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and c is from 0 to 50;
- and cyclic amides of Formula VI:
- ##STR62## wherein d is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.7 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and e is from 0 to 50;
- x and y are each individually from 1 to 50;
- and the weight average molecular weight of the additive compound is greater than about 600;
- with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be a cyclic amide, a cyclic imide or a cyclic group containing cyclic amides, cyclic imides or a mixture thereof;
- with the further proviso that R.sub.1 must be a cyclic amide of Formula IV when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or alkyl;
- and with the still further proviso that when only R.sub.2 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, x must be greater than one;
- and with the even still further proviso that when only R.sub.3 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, y must be greater than one.
13 more elements
A method for controlling octane requirement increase in an internal combustion engine which comprises burning in said engine a fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of an additive compound having the formula:
- ##STR75## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, alkyl-phenols wherein the alkyl contains from 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula II:
- ##STR76## wherein z is from 2 to 20;
- cyclic amides of Formula III:
- ##STR77## wherein a is from 2 to 20;
- and cyclic group of Formula IV:
- ##STR78## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of cyclic imides of Formula II and cyclic amides of Formula III;
- R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula V:
- ##STR79## wherein b is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.6 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and c is from 0 to 50;
- and cyclic amides of Formula VI:
- ##STR80## wherein d is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.7 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and e is from 0 to 50;
- x and y are each individually from 1 to 50;
- and the weight average molecular weight of the additive compound is greater than about 600;
- with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be a cyclic amide, a cyclic imide or a cyclic group containing cyclic amides, cyclic imides or a mixture thereof;
- with the further proviso that R.sub.1 must be a cyclic amide of Formula IV when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or alkyl;
- and with the still further proviso that when only R.sub.2 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, x must be greater than one;
- and with the even still further proviso that when only R.sub.3 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, y must be greater than one.
13 more elements
A method for reducing octane requirement in an internal combustion engine which comprises burning in said engine a fuel composition comprising a major amount of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of an additive compound having the formula:
- ##STR81## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of aklyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, alkyl-phenols wherein the alkyl contains from 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula II:
- ##STR82## wherein z is from 2 to 20;
- cyclic amides of Formula III:
- ##STR83## wherein a is from 2 to 20;
- and cyclic groups of Formula IV:
- ##STR84## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of cyclic imides of Formula II and cyclic amides of Formula III;
- R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula V:
- ##STR85## wherein b is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.6 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and c is from 0 to 50;
- and cyclic amides of Formula VI:
- ##STR86## wherein d is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.7 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and e is from 0 to 50;
- x and y are each individually from 1 to 50;
- and the weight average molecular weight of the additive compound is greater than about 600;
- with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be a cyclic amide, a cyclic imide or a cyclic group containing cyclic amides, cyclic imides or a mixture thereof;
- with the further proviso that R.sub.1 must be a cyclic amide of Formula IV when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or alkyl;
- and with the still further proviso that when only R.sub.2 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, x must be greater than one;
- and with the even still further proviso that when only R.sub.3 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, y must be greater than one.
13 more elements
A compound having the formula:
- ##STR87## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula II:
- ##STR88## wherein z is from 2 to 20;
- cyclic amides of Formula III:
- ##STR89## wherein a is from 2 to 20;
- and cyclic groups of Formula IV:
- ##STR90## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of cyclic imides of Formula II and cyclic amides of Formula III;
- R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula V:** ##STR91## wherein b is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.6 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and c is from 0 to 50;
- and cyclic amides of Formula VI:
- ##STR92## wherein d is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.7 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and e is from 0 to 50;
- x and y are each individually from 1 to 50;
- and the weight average molecular weight of the additive compound is greater than about 600;
- with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be a cyclic amide, a cyclic imide or a cyclic group containing cyclic amides, cyclic imides or a mixture thereof;
- with the further proviso that R.sub.1 must be a cyclic amide of Formula IV when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or alkyl;
- and with the still further proviso that when only R.sub.2 is a cyclic amide or a cyclic imide, x must be greater than one;
- and with the even still further proviso that when only R.sub.3 is a cyclic amide or a cyclic imide, y must be greater than one.
12 more elements
A fuel composition comprising a mixture of:
- (a) a major amount of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range;
- (b) a minor amount of an additive compound having the general formula:
- ##STR93## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, alkyl-phenols wherein the alkyl contains from 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula II:
- ##STR94## wherein z is from 2 to 20;
- cyclic amides of Formula III:
- ##STR95## wherein a is from 2 to 20;
- and cyclic groups of Formula IV:
- ##STR96## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently selected from the group consisting of cyclic imides of Formula II and cyclic amides of Formula III;
- R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, cyclic imides of Formula V:
- ##STR97## wherein b is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.6 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and c is from 0 to 50;
- and cyclic amides of Formula VI:
- ##STR98## wherein d is from 2 to 20, each R.sub.7 is individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and e is from 0 to 50;
- x and y are each individually from 1 to 50;
- and the weight average molecular weight of the additive compound is greater than about 600;
- with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 must be a cyclic amide, a cyclic imide or a cyclic group containing cyclic amides, cyclic imides or a mixture thereof;
- with the further proviso that R.sub.1 must be a cyclic amide of Formula IV when R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or alkyl;
- and with the still further proviso that when only R.sub.2 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, x must be greater than one;
- and with the even still further proviso that when only R.sub.3 is a cyclic amide of Formula VI or a cyclic imide of Formula V, y must be greater than one;
- and
- (c) a minor amount of an additional detergent selected from the group consisting of polyalkylenyl amines, mannich amines, polyalkenyl succinamides, poly(oxyalkylene) carbamates, poly(alkenyl)-N-substituted carbamates and mixtures thereof.
17 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.