Multifunctional additives to improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuels and compositions thereof
AssigneeMobil Oil Corporation
InventorsDavid J. Baillargeon, Angeline B. Cardis, Dale B. Heck
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Additives which improve the low-temperature properties of distillate fuels are the reaction products of (1) diols, and (2) the product of pyromellitic dianhydride and combinations of two or more different aminoalcohols with long-chain hydrocarbyl groups attached.
Claims26
A liquid hydrocarbyl fuel oligomer/polymer additive product of reaction obtained by reacting in different ratios a secondary amine and at least one C.sub.8 to C.sub.30 epoxide thereby forming at least one aminoalcohol having the formula:
- ##STR5## and (2) thereafter reacting the product of (1) with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) or its acid equivalent and a secondary amine having the formula ##STR6## thereby forming a reactive acid/anhydride that is reacted with at least one hydrocarbyl diol or polyhydrocarbyl diol where said hydrocarbyl diol has the formula
- HO--R.sub.5 --OH
- where R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl;
- R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are C.sub.8 to C.sub.30 saturated or unsaturated linear hydrocarbyl wherein said differing ratios are less than molar ratios, molar ratios and more than molar ratios and where the temperature of reaction varies from about 100.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., at a pressure of from about 0.001 atm to about 1 atm for a time sufficient to obtain said additive product.
A fuel composition comprising a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbyl fuel and a minor amount comprising from about 0.001 wt % to about 10 wt % based on the total weight of the composition of an oligomer/polymer additive product of reaction obtained by reacting in differing ratios (1) a secondary amine and at least one C.sub.8 to C.sub.30 epoxide thereby forming at least one aminoalcohol having the formula:
- ##STR7## and (2) thereafter reacting the product of (1) with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) or its acid equivalent and a secondary amine having the formula ##STR8## thereby forming a reactive acid/anhydride that is reacted with at least one hydrocarbyl diol or polyhydrocarbyl diol where said hydrocarbyl diol has the formula
- HO--R.sub.5 --OH
- where R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl;
- R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are C.sub.8 to C.sub.30 saturated or unsaturated linear hydrocarbyl wherein said differing ratios are less than molar ratios, molar ratios and more than molar ratios and where the temperature of reaction varies from about 100.degree. C. to 250.degree. C. at a pressure of from about 0.001 atm to about 1 atm for a time sufficient to obtain said additive product.
A process for preparing a liquid hydrocarbyl fuel oligomer/polymer additive product of reaction comprising reacting in differing ratios (1) a secondary amine and at least one C.sub.8 to C.sub.30 epoxide thereby forming at least one aminoalcohol having the formula:
- ##STR9## and (2) thereafter reacting the product of (1) with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) or its acid equivalent and a secondary amine having the formula ##STR10## thereby forming a reactive acid/anhydride that is reacted with at least one hydrocarbyl diol or polyhydrocarbyl diol where said hydrocarbyl diol has the formula
- HO--R.sub.5 --OH
- where R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 to C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl;
- R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are C.sub.8 to C.sub.30 saturated or unsaturated linear hydrocarbyl and R.sub.5 is C.sub.2 to C.sub.100 hydrocarbyl wherein said differing ratios are less than molar ratios, molar ratios and more than molar ratios and where the temperature of reaction varies from about 100.degree. C to 250.degree. C., at a pressure of from about 0.001 atm to an atm for a time sufficient to obtain said additive product.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.