Nitrogen oxides reducing agent and a phosphate
AssigneeNalco Fuel Tech
InventorDaniel V. Diep
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Processes and compositions enable selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) in the gas phase at temperatures above 950.degree. C. to reduce the environmental damage caused by NO.sub.x and related emissions. By utilizing a nitrogenous NO.sub.x -reducing agent, such as urea, in combination with a phosphate at a ratio of nitrogen in the NO.sub.x -reducing agent to phosphorous of less than about 50:1, NO.sub.x reduction is improved and carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia are maintained at low levels.
Claims11
A process for reducing the concentration of NO.sub.x in an oxygen-rich gas stream by selective noncatalytic reduction at temperatures above 950.degree. C., comprising:
- injecting into the gas stream containing NO.sub.x an aqueous solution comprising both a nitrogenous NO.sub.x -reducing agent and at least 1.5% of an inorganic acid phosphate, wherein the NO.sub.x -reducing agent comprises an NH-containing composition comprising a member selected from the group consisting of ammonia, urea, carbamates, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, cyanurate, ammonium salts of organic acids and mixtures of these is introduced at a molar ratio of nitrogen in said NO.sub.x -reducing agent to the nitrogen as NO.sub.x in the gas stream of from about 0.8 to about 5, and the phosphate comprises a member selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates, and mixtures thereof with sufficient water solubility to permit their introduction in aqueous solution, and is introduced at a molar ratio of nitrogen in the NO.sub.x -reducing agent to phosphorous of from about 50:1 to about 1:2, as a spray of droplets having an average droplet size of from about 5 to about 10,000 microns, containing NO.sub.x to contact with the NO.sub.x in the gas phase and thereby reduce said NO.sub.x.
A process for reducing the concentration of NO.sub.x in an oxygen-rich gas stream containing NO.sub.x at temperatures above 950.degree. C., comprising:
- introducing both a nitrogenous NO.sub.x -reducing agent comprising an NH-containing composition comprising a member selected from the group consisting of ammonia, urea, carbamates, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, cyanurates, ammonium salts of organic acids and mixtures thereof,
- and at least 1.5% of a phosphate comprising a member selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphates, calcium phosphates, and mixtures thereof, with sufficient water solubility to permit their introduction in aqueous solution, into the gas stream at a molar ratio of nitrogen in the NO.sub.x -reducing agent to the nitrogen as NO.sub.x in the gas stream of from about 0.8 to about 5 and a molar ratio of nitrogen in the NO.sub.x -reducing agent to phosphorous of from about 50:1 to about 1:2.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.