Head for recording apparatus

A head for an ink jet recording apparatus comprising:

• an electro-thermal transducer for generating thermal energy to discharge an ink, said transducer having two sides;
• a wiring portion electrically connected to said electro-thermal transducer;
• a plurality of elongated metallic members each comprising aluminum;
• and
• a first protection layer and a second protection layer, said first protection layer and said second protection layer having been formed above said electro-thermal transducer, wherein said metallic members are connected to said first protection layer through an opening in said second protection layer, securing said first protection layer to a substrate, and to said second protection layer, and said members are disposed along both of the sides of said electro-thermal transducer.

A head for an ink jet recording apparatus comprising:

• a substrate having an insulating surface and a pair of recesses formed therein, said substrate including a common semiconductor body and a pair of semiconductor regions including at least a p region and an n region with PN junctions formed between said p region and said n region;
• a pair of substantially flat conductors with respect to said surface and respectively embedded in said pair of recesses;
• and
• a heat-generating resistance layer for generating thermal energy to discharge an ink formed on said pair of said conductors and a portion of said insulating surface, and electrically connected to said pair of said conductors,
• wherein said pair of said conductors contact said semiconductor regions, and wherein said PN junctions are reverse biased.