Heat-generating composition

A heat-generating composition comprising:

• an electrically conductive powder;
• and a crystallizable glass frit wherein the weight ratio of said electrically conductive powder to said crystallizable glass frit is from about 30:70 to about 95:5;
• and
• said crystallizable glass frit, which is essentially crystallized during sintering, has the following ingredients:
• ______________________________________ M.sup.II O = about 25 to about 45 weight percent B.sub.2 O.sub.3 = about 20 to about 60 weight percent M.sup.III.sub.2 O.sub.3 = about 0 to about 5 weight percent M.sup.I.sub.2 O = about 0 to about 5 weight percent SiO.sub.2 = about 2 to about 10 weight percent Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 = about 2 to about 10 weight percent Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 = about 1 to about 10 weight percent Nuclear-forming agent = about 0 to about 20 weight percent ______________________________________
• M.sup.I is one or more alkali metals selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs;
• M.sup.II is one or more alkaline-earth metals selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba;
• M.sup.III is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of scandium, yttrium, and lanthanide;
• a lanthanide is an element from the periodic table of elements in the range of from lanthanum (La) to lutetium (Lu);
• the nuclear-forming agent is one or more agents selected from the group consisting of TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, P.sub.2 O.sub.5, SnO.sub.2, ZnO, MoO.sub.3, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, and As.sub.2 O.sub.3.

A heat-generating composition comprising:

• a molybdenum silicide as an electrically conductive powder;
• a nickel silicide as an electrically conductive powder;
• a glass frit;
• a weight ratio of said nickel silicide to a total weight of said molybdenum silicide, said nickel silicide, and said glass frit is in a range of from about 5:100 to about 22:100;
• a weight ratio of the sum of said electrically conductive powder to said glass frit is in a range of from about 60:40 to about 75:25;
• a nickel powder as an additive;
• a weight ratio of said nickel powder to a total weight of said molybdenum silicide, said nickel silicide, and said glass frit is in a range of from about 0.1:100 to about 12:100.