Polyvinylamine derivatives having hydrophilic centers, processes for their preparation and the use of the compounds as a medicament, active compound carrier and foodstuff auxiliary

A polyvinylamine derivative containing hydrophilic centers, of the formula I ##STR17## in which R.sup.1 is a substituent chosen from the group comprising:

• 1. --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.3, in which n is an integer from 3 to 21, branched alkyl having 3 to 21 carbon atoms or straight-chain or branched alkenyl having up to 21 carbon atoms,
• 2. cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl having in each case 5-12 carbon atoms, or mono-, di- or trisubstituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl having in each case 5-12 ring carbon atoms and
• 3. aryl, arylalkyl or arylalkenyl, in which the aryl radicals are mono- or polynuclear, can be mono- to trisubstituted and can contain heteroatoms,
• X is a single bond,
• a bridge group or
• a hydrophilic spacer for linking the hydrophobic radical R.sup.1,
• R.sup.2 is R.sub.A --Y, R.sub.B or R.sub.C, in which
• Y is a bridge group or a spacer which allows R.sub.A to be linked to the polymer,
• R.sub.A is a hydrophilic or amphiphilic substituent chosen from the group comprising:
• ##STR18##
• 4. --(CH.sub.2).sub.c --B, in which B is a pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl or morpholinyl radical bonded via N,
• 5. --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --D.sup..cndot. A.sup..sym., in which D.sup..cndot. is pyridinium, pyrimidinium or imidazolinium, ##STR19## in which, for the substituents described under 1. to 6., a is an integer from 2 to 16,
• b is zero, 1, 2 or 3,
• c is an integer from 2 to 6,
• d is an integer from 6 to 17 and
• A is a physiologically tolerated anion,
• R.sub.B 1. is a cholic acid bonded via the 3-.alpha.-OH or 24-COOH group directly or via a spacer, or
• 2.