Apparatus and method for deformation processing of metals, ceramics, plastics and other materials

An extrusion apparatus for deformation processing of selected materials comprising:

• a die assembly having a first extrusion channel and a second extrusion channel disposed therein:
• a punch press assembly associated with the die assembly to force the selected materials to move through the first and second extrusion channels;
• the first extrusion channel and the second extrusion channel having equal cross-sectional areas with the second extrusion channel disposed at an angle relative to the first extrusion channel;
• the second extrusion channel defined in part by a bottom plate assembly which may move relative to the die assembly during extrusion of the selected materials through the die assembly;
• a punch press bed with the die assembly secured thereto;
• a punch which may be inserted into the die assembly to force extrusion of the selected materials through the first extrusion channel and the second extrusion channel;
• a die block holder secured to the punch press bed;
• the bottom plate assembly having a first portion secured to the die block holder and a second portion slidable disposed relative to the first portion;
• an upper surface which partially defines the second extrusion channel;
• and
• a lower surface disposed at an angle .alpha. relative to the first portion of the bottom plate assembly.

An extrusion apparatus for deformation processing of selected materials comprising:

• a die assembly having a first extrusion channel and a second extrusion channel disposed therein;
• a punch press assembly associated with the die assembly to force the selected materials to move through the first and second extrusion channels;
• the first extrusion channel and the second extrusion channel having equal cross-sectional areas with the second extrusion channel disposed at an angle relative to the first extrusion channel;
• the second extrusion channel defined in part by a bottom plate assembly which may move relative to the die assembly during extrusion of the selected materials through the die assembly;
• a punch press bed with the die assembly secured thereto;
• a punch which may be inserted into the die assembly to force extrusion of the selected materials through the first extrusion channel and the second extrusion channel;
• a die block holder secured to the punch press bed;
• the bottom plate assembly having a first portion secured to the die block holder and a second portion slidable disposed relative to the first portion;
• a hydraulic cylinder with an associated ram extending therefrom;
• the hydraulic cylinder secured to the die assembly;
• and
• the ram connected with the second portion of the bottom plate assembly whereby the hydraulic cylinder and ram may be used to reposition the second portion of the bottom plate assembly following extrusion of the selected materials.

The method of deformation processing of selected material using an extrusion apparatus having a first extrusion channel and a second extrusion channel disposed at a first angle relative to each other and having equal cross section areas comprising the steps of:

• placing the selected material in the first extrusion channel;
• applying force to the selected material with a punch press to force the material from the first extrusion channel into the second extrusion channel;
• applying a back pressure to the selected material to limit movement through the second extrusion channel;
• forming the second extrusion channel with a bottom plate assembly having a first, fixed portion and a second, slidable portion;
• Securing the first, fixed portion of the bottom plate assembly to the extrusion apparatus to prevent movement of the first portion with respect thereto;
• and
• forming a second angle between the first portion of the bottom plate assembly and the second portion of the bottom plate assembly adjacent thereto.

An extrusion apparatus for deformation processing of selected materials comprising:

• a die assembly having a first extrusion channel and a second extrusion channel disposed therein;
• a punch press assembly associated with the die assembly to force the selected materials to move through the first and second extrusion channels;
• the first extrusion channel and the second extrusion channel having equal cross-sectional areas with the second extrusion channel disposed at an angle relative to the first extrusion channel;
• the first extrusion channel defined in part by a first pair of plates disposed opposite from each other and secured to the die assembly;
• a second pair of plates which are slidable disposed opposite from each other within the die assembly;
• a die block holder secured to the punch press bed;
• a bottom plate assembly having a first portion secured to the die block holder and a second portion slidable disposed relative to the first portion;
• an upper surface which partially defines the second extrusion channel;
• and
• a lower surface disposed at an angle (.alpha.) relative to the first portion of the floor.

An extrusion apparatus for deformation processing of a selected material comprising:

• a die assembly having a die body and a die block holder;
• the die body including a first die half and a second die half with a die cavity formed therebetween;
• a first pair of plates disposed opposite from each other and secured between the first die half and the second die half of the die body;
• a second pair of plates slidable disposed opposite from each other within the die cavity;
• the first pair of plates and the second pair of plates cooperating with each other to partially define a first extrusion channel within the die cavity;
• a bottom plate assembly disposed between the first die body half and the second die body half to partially define a second extrusion channel formed in the die assembly at an angle relative to the first extrusion channel;
• the bottom plate assembly having a first portion secured to the die block holder and a second portion slidable disposed relative to the first portion whereby the second portion of the bottom plate assembly may move with the selected material during extrusion through the second extrusion channel;
• the second portion of the bottom plate assembly having an upper edge which partially defines the second extrusion channel and a bottom edge which rests upon the first portion of the bottom plate assembly;
• the bottom edge of the second portion and the adjacent edge of the first portion formed at an angle .alpha. relative to each other;
• and
• a protrusion from the upper edge of the second portion of the bottom plate assembly whereby the protrusion and the angle .alpha. cooperate with each other to induce a back pressure on the selected material during extrusion through the second extrusion channel.