# US 5,352,484 A · Method of densifying a porous substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,352,484 A - Document ID: US5352484A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/823,835 - Filed: 1992-01-17 - Granted: 1994-10-04 - Earliest claimed: 1991-01-18 - Assignees: Societe Europeenne de Propulsion - Inventors: Bruno C. Bernard; Christian B. Brosse; Jean-Claude Cavalier - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5352484A ## CPC - C04B 35/83: Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix - C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE ## Abstract A method of densifying a porous substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of a composite material, the method comprising the following steps: providing on one side of a substrate to be densified a slip containing submicron carbon powder; establishing a pressure difference to force the slip through the substrate; filtering the liquid that has passed through the substrate to retain the carbon powder inside the substrate; and when densification of the substrate by means of the carbon powder has terminated, drying the densified substrate and transforming a carbon precursor introduced into the substrate into carbon by carbonization, thereby binding the powder constituting the matrix. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of densifying a porous carbon substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of composite material, comprising the following steps: introducing into a first side of a porous carbon substrate to be densified a suspension containing submicron carbon powder and a carbon precursor including one of a liquid resin and a resin powder; establishing a pressure difference to force the suspension through the substrate; providing a filter on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate, for filtering the suspension to retain the carbon powder inside the substrate and progressively densifying the substrate with the carbon powder that is retained by the filter to produce a densified substrate; and drying the densified substrate and transforming the carbon precursor in the substrate into carbon by carbonization thereby binding the carbon powder constituting the matrix. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon precursor is a resin powder. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A method according to claim 1, carbon precursor is a liquid. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A method according to claim 1, wherein the carbon powder is carbon black having a submicron means grain size. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A method according to claim 1, wherein the suspension further includes a powder of a material that inhibits oxidation mixed with the carbon powder. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A method according to claim 1, wherein after said carbon precursor has carbonized, the resulting material is subjected to a graphitization operation. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A method according to claim 1, wherein vibration is applied to the carbon substrate while the suspension is passing therethrough. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) A method according to claim 3, wherein the carbon powder is carbon black having a submicron means grain size. ### Claim 9 (depends on 4) A method according to claim 4, wherein the suspension further includes a powder of a material that inhibits oxidation mixed with the carbon powder. ### Claim 10 (depends on 5) A method according to claim 5, wherein after the carbon precursor has carbonized, the resulting material is subjected to a graphitization operation. ### Claim 11 (depends on 6) A method according to claim 6, wherein vibration is applied to the substrate while the suspension is passing therethrough. ### Claim 12 A method of densifying a porous carbon substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of composite material, comprising the following steps: introducing into a first side of a porous carbon substrate to be densified a suspension containing submicron carbon powder and a carbon precursor including one of a liquid resin and a resin powder; establishing a pressure difference to force the suspension through the substrate; providing a filter on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate, for filtering the suspension to retain the carbon powder inside the substrate and progressively densifying the substrate with the carbon powder that is retained by the filter to produce a densified substrate; drying the densified substrate and transforming the carbon precursor in the substrate into carbon by carbonization, thereby binding the carbon powder constituting the matrix; and vibrating the porous carbon substrate while the suspension is passing therethrough. ### Claim 13 A method of densifying a porous carbon substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of composite material, comprising the following steps: introducing into a first side of a porous carbon substrate to be densified a suspension containing submicron carbon powder and a carbon precursor including one of a liquid resin and a resin powder; establishing a pressure difference to force the suspension through the substrate; providing a filter on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate, for filtering the suspension to retain the carbon powder inside the substrate and progressively densifying the substrate with the carbon powder that is retained by the filter to produce a densified substrate; drying the densified substrate and transforming the carbon precursor in the substrate into carbon by carbonization, thereby binding the carbon powder constituting the matrix; and subjecting the bound carbon powder to a graphitization operation; and vibrating the porous carbon substrate while the suspension passing therethrough. ### Claim 14 A method of densifying a porous carbon substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of composite material, comprising the following steps: introducing into a first side of a porous carbon substrate to be densified a suspension containing carbon black having a submicron means grain size, a carbon precursor including one of a liquid resin and a resin powder, and a powdered material that inhibits oxidation; establishing a pressure difference to force the suspension through the substrate; providing a filter on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate, for filtering the suspension to retain the carbon black inside the substrate and progressively densifying the substrate with the carbon black that is retained by the filter to produce a densified substrate; drying the densified substrate and transforming the carbon precursor in the substrate into carbon by carbonization, thereby binding the carbon black constituting the matrix; subjecting the bound carbon black to a graphitization operation; and vibrating the porous carbon substrate while the suspension is passing therethrough. ### Claim 15 A method of densifying a porous carbon substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of composite material, comprising the following steps: introducing into a first side of a porous carbon substrate to be densified a suspension containing carbon black having a submicron means grain size and a powdered material that inhibits oxidation; establishing a pressure difference to force the suspension through the substrate; providing a filter on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate, for filtering the slip to retain the carbon black inside the substrate and progressively densifying the substrate with the carbon black that is retained by the filter to produce a densified substrate; drying the densified substrate and transforming a resin, introduced by impregnation in the substrate after the substrate has been densified and dried, into carbon by carbonization, thereby binding the carbon black constituting the matrix; subjecting the bound carbon black to a graphitization operation; and vibrating the porous carbon substrate while the slip is passing therethrough. ### Claim 16 A method of densifying a porous carbon substrate by means of a matrix containing carbon, for obtaining an article made of composite material, comprising the following steps: introducing into a first side of a porous carbon substrate to be densified a slip containing submicron carbon powder; establishing a pressure difference to force the slip through the substrate; providing a filter on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate, for filtering the slip to retain the carbon powder inside the substrate and progressively densifying the substrate with the carbon powder that is retained by the filter to produce a densified substrate; drying the densified substrate; introducing a carbon precursor in resin form into the dried densified substrate; and transforming said carbon precursor in the densified substrate into carbon by carbonization thereby binding the carbon powder constituting the matrix. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) A method according to claim 16, wherein the carbon powder is carbon black having a submicron means grain size. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) A method according to claim 16, wherein the suspension further includes a powder of a material that inhibits oxidation mixed with the carbon powder. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) A method according to claim 16, wherein after said carbon precursor has carbonized, the resulting material is subjected to a graphitization operation. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) A method according to claim 16, wherein vibration is applied to the carbon substrate while the suspension is passing therethrough.