# US 5,351,229 A · Tribo-attractive contact slider for an optical read/write system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,351,229 A - Document ID: US5351229A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/814,722 - Filed: 1991-12-24 - Granted: 1994-09-27 - Earliest claimed: 1991-12-24 - Assignees: International Business Machines Corporation - Inventors: Blasius Brezoczky; Gary M. McClelland; Hajime Seki - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5351229A ## CPC - G11B 11/1058: {Flying heads} - G11B 7/122: Flying-type heads, e.g. analogous to Winchester type in magnetic recording - G11B 11/10554: {the transducers being disposed on the same side of the carrier (flying heads G11B11/1058)} - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) ## Abstract An optical recording system in which the optical head is operated in physical contact with the surface of the optical recording medium during system operation at a selected operating speed. The optical head includes one or more optical elements mounted on a substrate which is in physical, sliding contact with the recording medium. The substrate is fabricated from a crystalline material which has a non-linear load versus friction characteristic in the negative load region. When the head is in sliding contact with the recording medium surface, a restoring force is generated which maintains the optical head in physical contact with the recording medium overcoming any lifting forces generated by the moving air layer adjacent the recording medium surface. This allows the head to be operated with a negative external load applied. Utilizing the optical head having the objective lens mounted on the substrate in close proximity to the recording medium surface allows high density recording to be achieved without the requirement of an electro-mechanical servo system to provide beam focusing for the system. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An optical head apparatus for use with an optical storage medium having a surface layer of a selected material, comprising: focusing means for focusing a light beam onto said optical storage medium; and support means maintained in sliding physical contact with said optical storage medium, said support means being fabricated of a material, wherein said surface layer of the optical storage medium and said material of the support means have a characteristic that a tribo-attractive force is generated between the support means and the optical storage medium as a result of sliding contact therebetween, said focusing means rigidly mounted on said support means in close proximity to a major surface of said optical storage medium. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) An optical head apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said support means comprises a shaped contact slider fabricated of a material exhibiting a non-linear load versus friction characteristic in the negative load region. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) An optical head apparatus as in claim 2 wherein said slider is of a material selected from the group consisting of single crystal diamond, single crystal sapphire, single crystal silicon, single crystal quartz, single crystal cubic boron nitride (cBN), single crystal calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO.sub.3), silicon carbide (SiC) (hot pressed compaction), zirconium oxide (ZrO) (hot pressed compaction), aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) (hot pressed compaction), polycrystal cubic boron nitride (cBN) and fused quartz. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) An optical head apparatus as in claim 1 wherein said focusing means comprises an objective lens fixedly mounted on said support means. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) An optical head apparatus as in claim 4 wherein said objective lens comprises a plano-complex lens having its flat side parallel to and closely adjacent said major surface of said storage medium. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) An optical head apparatus as in claim 5 wherein said support means has a flat side, said flat side parallel to and in contact with said storage medium major surface, said flat side of said plano-convex lens being substantially co-planar with said support means flat side. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) An optical head apparatus as in claim 4 wherein said objective lens is fabricated of a material having a refractive index substantially equal to that of said selected material of said surface layer. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) An optical head apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising magnetic means for generating a magnetic field, said magnetic means rigidly mounted on said support means. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) An optical head apparatus as in claim 8 wherein said magnetic means comprises a magnetic coil mounted on said support means concentrically with said focusing means. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) An optical head apparatus as in claim 1 further comprising optical means for receiving said light beam and directing said light beam to and from said focusing means, said optical means rigidly mounted on said support means. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) An optical head apparatus as in claim 10 wherein said optical means comprises mirror means for redirecting a received light beam. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) An optical head apparatus as in claim 10 wherein said optical means comprises: mirror means for redirecting a transmitted light beam to said focusing means; and beam splitter means for redirecting a return light beam received from said focusing means. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) An optical head apparatus as in claim 12 wherein said optical means further includes polarizing means for polarizing said transmitted light beam in a desired orientation and beam analyzer means for receiving and analyzing said return beam. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) An optical head apparatus as in claim 13 wherein said optical means comprises an optical unit including selected integrated optical elements. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) An optical head apparatus as in claim 10 further comprising optical fiber means for coupling said light beam to or from said optical means. ### Claim 16 An optical disk storage system comprising: an optical storage medium comprising a rigid substrate having a layer of optical storage material and a surface layer of selected material thereon; an optical head and support means for supporting said optical head in substantially sliding physical contact with said optical storage medium, said optical head comprising a substrate of a material, wherein said surface layer of the optical storage medium and said material of the support means have a characteristic that a tribo-attractive force between the optical storage medium and the support means is generated as a result of sliding contact therebetween; and means coupled to said optical storage medium for producing relative motion between said optical storage medium and said optical head up to a selected operating speed sufficient to generate said tribo-attractive force, said tribo-attractive force having a magnitude sufficient for maintaining said optical head in substantially sliding physical contact with said optical storage medium at said selected operating speed, whereby data can be written or sensed without excessive wear to either said optical head or said optical storage medium. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) An optical disk storage system as in claim 16 wherein said optical storage medium comprises a magneto-optic storage medium. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) An optical disk storage system as in claim 17 wherein said optical head further comprises magnetic means for generating a magnetic field for biasing said magneto-optic storage medium. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) An optical disk storage system as in claim 18 wherein said optical head includes an objective lens for transmitting a light beam to and from said optical storage medium, said magnetic means comprising a magnetic coil mounted on said substrate concentrically with said objective lens. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) An optical disk storage system as in claim 16 wherein said support means comprises a rigid access arm and spring means for suspending said optical head, said spring means providing a predetermined external load on said optical head. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) An optical disk storage system as in claim 20 wherein said spring means includes means for providing a zero or negative external load when said optical head is in sliding physical contact with said optical storage medium moving relative to said optical head at said selected operating speed. ### Claim 22 (depends on 20) An optical disk storage system as in claim 20 wherein said rigid access arm comprises a linear access arm for linear movement along a radius of said optical storage medium. ### Claim 23 (depends on 16) An optical disk storage system as in claim 16 wherein said optical head further comprises an objective lens fixedly mounted on said substrate. ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) An optical disk storage system as in claim 23 wherein said substrate comprises a shaped slider, a lower surface of said slider being in substantial physical contact with said optical storage medium. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) An optical disk storage system as in claim 24 wherein said objective lens comprises a plano-convex lens fabricated of a material having a refractive index substantially equal to that of said selected material of said surface layer, the flat side of said plano-convex lens being substantially co-planar with said flat side of said slider. ### Claim 26 (depends on 23) An optical disk storage system as in claim 23 wherein said optical head further comprises an optical unit including integrated optical elements for redirecting a light beam to and from said objective lens. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) An optical disk storage system as in claim 26 wherein said integrated optical elements include: mirror means for redirecting a transmitted light beam to said objective leans; and beam splitter means for redirecting a return light beam received from said objective lens. ### Claim 28 (depends on 26) An optical disk storage system as in claim 26 further comprising fiber optic means for coupling said light beam to and from said optical unit. ### Claim 29 (depends on 16) An optical disk storage system as in claim 16 wherein said substrate comprises a shaped contact slider fabricated of a material exhibiting a non-linear load versus friction characteristic in the negative load region. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) An optical disk storage system as in claim 29 wherein said slider is of a material selected from the group consisting of single crystal diamond, single crystal sapphire, single crystal silicon, single crystal quartz, single crystal cubic boron nitride (cBN), single crystal calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO.sub.3), silicon carbide (SiC) (hot pressed compaction), zirconium oxide (ZrO) (hot pressed compaction), aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) (hot pressed compaction), polycrystal cubic boron nitride (cBN) and fused quartz.