# US 5,350,726 A · Carbocationic catalysts and process for using said catalysts > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,350,726 A - Document ID: US5350726A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/116,422 - Filed: 1993-09-03 - Granted: 1994-09-27 - Earliest claimed: 1993-09-03 - Assignees: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. - Inventors: Timothy D. Shaffer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5350726A ## CPC - B01J 31/0212: {Alkoxylates} - B01J 31/0231: {Halogen-containing compounds} - Y10S 526/943: Polymerization with metallocene catalysts - B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS - Y10S: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS ## Abstract A carbocationic catalyst composition comprising an initiator of water, a tertiary alkyl or aralkyl halide, ester, ether, carboxylic acid, acid halide or a polymeric halide and a co-initiator of an alkoxy metal halide, is used to produce narrow molecular weight distribution olefin polymers particularly isobutylene/para-methyl-styrene copolymers. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A catalyst composition comprising: an initiator comprising one or more of water, tertiary alkyl halides, tertiary aralkyl halides, tertiary alkyl esters, tertiary aralkyl esters, tertiary alkyl ethers, tertiary aralkyl ethers, tertiary alkyl carboxylic acids, tertiary aralkyl carboxylic acids, tertiary alkyl acid halides, tertiary aralkyl acid halides, wherein each alkyl is independently a linear, branched or cyclic chain alkyl and each aralkyl may be substituted or unsubstituted; and a co-initiator of alkoxy metal halide, wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, gallium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickle, copper, zinc, tin, indium. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the alkyl of the alkoxy metal halide independently is a straight, branched or cyclic chain alkyl containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The catalyst composition of claim 2, wherein the alkyl has 1 to 15 carbon atoms. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the co-initiator is alkoxyaluminum halide or alkoxy boron halide. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein each alkyl or aralkyl group of the initiator has 1 to 8 carbon atoms. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The catalyst composition of claim 5 wherein each alkyl has 1 or 2 carbon atoms or each alkyl group of the aralkyl group has 1 or 2 carbon atoms. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the initiator is represented by the formula: ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently a C.sub.1 to C.sub.15 straight or branched chain alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group, X is a halogen, pseudohalogen, alcohol, ether, ester carboxylic acid or acid halide group or a mixture thereof and n is a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the initiator is pentoxyaluminum dichloride. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 further comprising proton scavenger, provided that the initiator is not water. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The catalyst composition of claim 9 wherein the proton scavenger is selected from the group consisting of 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butyl-pyridine, 1,8-bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene, diisopropylethylamine or mixtures thereof. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is present at a temperature less than about -30 degrees C. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is present at a temperature less than about -10 degrees C. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the initiator is not water and the composition further comprises amine. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The catalyst composition of claim 13 wherein the amine is represented by the formula: ##STR5## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen or a straight, cyclic or branched chain alkyl, aryl or aralkyl containing one to fifteen carbon atoms, and n is an integer provided that only one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 can be H at any one time and that R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be joined in a cyclic structure. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the ratio of number of moles of active co-initiator to the number of active initiator sites 0.001:1 is up to about 120:1. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the ratio of number of moles of active co-initiator to the number of active initiator sites 0.001:1 to about 8:1. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the ratio of number of moles of active co-initiator to the number of active initiator sites is from about 0.5:1 to about 6:1. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the co-initiator is an alkoxyaluminum chloride. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The catalyst composition of claim 1 wherein the co-initiator is an alkoxyboron chloride. ### Claim 20 A catalyst composition comprising: an initiator of tertiary alkyl halide or tertiary aralkyl halide; and a co-initiator of an alkoxy aluminum halide. ### Claim 21 A catalyst system comprising initiator of water, a co-initiator of alkoxy metal halide wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, gallium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, tin, indium; and, optionally, an amine.