# US 5,350,648 A · Nonaqueous secondary battery

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 5,350,648 A
- Document ID: US5350648A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/042,169
- Filed: 1993-04-02
- Granted: 1994-09-27
- Earliest claimed: 1992-04-02
- Assignees: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Yoshikatsu Kagawa; Shoichiro Yasunami; Yukio Maekawa
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5350648A

## CPC

- H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
- C01B 32/05: Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
- D01F 11/129: {Intercalated carbon- or graphite fibres}
- H01M 4/587: for inserting or intercalating light metals
- H01M 4/62: Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M 4/621: {Binders}
- H01M 4/66: Selection of materials
- C01P 2002/70: defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- H01M 4/131: Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
- H01M 4/133: Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M 4/525: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- D01F: CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A nonaqueous secondary battery comprises an anode active material comprising a carbonaceous material, an electrolyte and a cathode active material comprising a lithium-containing transition metal chalcogenide. The carbonaceous material is obtained by burning a polyacrylonitrile fiber and has length of a crystallite in the c-axis direction of 75 to 250 .ANG. and an interval of 002 faces of 3.41 to 3.44 .ANG., the length and the interval being determined from an X-ray diffraction spectrum thereof using a Cu-K.alpha. ray.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A nonaqueous secondary battery which comprises an anode active material comprising a carbonaceous material, an electrolyte and a cathode active material comprising a lithium-containing transition metal chalcogenide;
wherein said carbonaceous material is a carbonized polyacrylonitrile obtained by burning polyacrylonitrile fiber of 0.4 to 40 denier at 2,400.degree. to 3,500.degree. C., said polyacrylonitrile fiber consisting essentially of a polyacrylonitrile or a copolymer of acrylonitrile and other monomers polymerizable with acrylonitrile, and wherein said carbonaceous material has length of a crystallite in c-axis direction of 75 to 250 .ANG. and an interval of 002 faces of 3.41 to 3.44 .ANG., said length and said interval being determined from an X-ray diffraction spectrum thereof using Cu-K.alpha. ray.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The nonaqueous secondary battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said carbonaceous material has an essentially single diffraction peak of which half width is in the range of 0.5 to 1.2 degree, said peak being shown in an X-ray diffraction spectrum thereof using Cu-K.alpha. ray.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The nonaqueous secondary battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said carbonaceous material is subjected to a first burning step of heating said fiber at 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and thereafter cooling, and a second burning step of burning said fiber at 400.degree. to 2,000.degree. C. and thereafter cooling, before said burning at 2,400.degree. to 3,500.degree. C.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The nonaqueous secondary battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said carbonaceous material is subjected to a first burning step of heating said fiber at 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and thereafter cooling, a second burning step of heating said fiber at 400.degree. to 800.degree. C. and thereafter cooling, and a third burning step of heating said fiber at 900.degree. to 2000.degree. C. and thereafter cooling, before said burning at 2,400.degree. to 3,500.degree. C.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The nonaqueous secondary battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said burning of said polyacrylonitrile fiber is conducted in the condition of no orientation.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The nonaqueous secondary battery as defined in claim 1, wherein said carbonaceous material is obtained by burning said polyacrylonitrile fiber at 3,000 to 3,500.degree. C.