# US 5,350,472 A · Method of making an orbital friction fusion a welded joint in thermoplastic strap with differential pressure > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,350,472 A - Document ID: US5350472A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/133,355 - Filed: 1993-10-08 - Granted: 1994-09-27 - Earliest claimed: 1992-10-30 - Assignees: Signode Corporation - Inventors: Robert J. Koblella - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5350472A ## CPC - B65B 13/322: {Friction welding} - B29C 65/0636: {Orbital} - B29C 66/01: {General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined (B29C65/76, B29C65/82 take precedence)} - B29C 66/1122: {Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints (B29C66/45, B29C66/472, B29C66/52272 take precedence)} - B29C 66/4322: {by joining a single sheet to itself (B29C66/4332 takes precedence)} - B29C 66/4324: {for making closed loops, e.g. belts} - B29C 66/49: {Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining (B29C66/63 takes precedence)} - B29C 66/81433: {being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins (comprising a single tooth B29C66/81429), or being patterned} - B29C 66/8161: {said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material} - B29C 66/8227: {using springs} - B29C 66/8322: {Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis} - B29C 66/9241: {by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power} - B29C 66/9261: {by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools} - B29C 66/71: {characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined (welding bar compositions B29C65/125)} - B29C 66/73712: {mono-axially} - B29C 66/91: {by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux} - B29C 66/949: {characterised by specific time values or ranges} - Y10T 156/1028: by bending, drawing or stretch forming sheet to assume shape of configured lamina while in contact therewith - Y10T 428/19: Sheets or webs edge spliced or joined - B65B: MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING (bundling and pressing devices for cigars A24C1/44; devices for tensioning and securing binders adapted to be supported by the article or articles to be bound B25B25/00; applying closure members to bottles, jars or similar containers B67B1/00-B67B6/00; concurrent cleaning, filling and closing of bottles B67C7/00; emptying bottles, jars, cans, casks, barrels or similar containers B67C9/00) - B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00) - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A novel method and apparatus are provided for making an improved welded joint between overlapping lengths of thermoplastic strap. The welded joint includes a central region and an adjacent peripheral region. The pressure on the strap joint during formation is released first in the peripheral region and subsequently in the central region. An embodiment of the apparatus for making such a joint includes an anvil, a central strap-engaging member, a peripheral strap engaging member, and a mechanism for moving the anvil sequentially to three positions. At a first position the overlapping strap lengths are pressed between the anvil and both the central and peripheral strap-engaging members. In the second position of the anvil the peripheral strap-engaging member does not press against the strap lengths while the central strap-engaging member continues to press the strap lengths against the anvil. In the third position of the anvil, the anvil and strap-engaging members are sufficiently spaced apart to release all of the pressure on the strap lengths. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for making a welded joint between first and second lengths of a thermoplastic strap disposed in an overlapping, face-to-face relationship at a location at which said welded joint is to be formed, comprising the steps of: forcing said strap lengths into face-to-face contact under above-ambient pressure conditions along an interface comprising a central region and a peripheral region; increasing the temperature of said strap lengths along said interface sufficiently so as to melt at least a part of the thickness of each strap length at said interface; and releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions firstly within said peripheral region and subsequently within said central region whereby said melted parts of said strap length along said interface are permitted to solidify so as to form said welded joint. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein: said step of increasing said temperature of said strap lengths comprises effecting relative bodily movement between said strap lengths whereby at least a part of said thickness of each of said strap lengths melts along said interface within said central and peripheral regions. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method in accordance with claim 2, wherein: said step of effecting relative bodily movement between said strap lengths comprises holding one of said strap lengths stationary and moving the other one of said strap lengths in a substantially circular pattern. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein: said step of forcing said strap lengths into face-to-face contact comprises forcing said strap lengths against an anvil by means of an annular strap-contacting member and a central strap-contacting member disposed within said annular strap-contacting member. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein: said step of releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions comprises firstly separating said anvil and said annular strap-contacting member sufficiently so as to release the pressure of said annular strap-contacting member upon said peripheral region of said strap lengths, and subsequently separating said anvil and said central strap-contacting member sufficiently so as to release the pressure of said central strap-contacting member upon said central region of said strap lengths. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A method as set forth in claim 1, further comprising the step of: using a thermoplastic strap fabricated from polyester. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A method as set forth in claim 1, further comprising the step of: using a thermoplastic strap fabricated from polyethylene terephthalate. ### Claim 8 A method for making a welded joint between first and second lengths of a thermoplastic strap which are disposed in an overlapping, face-to-face relationship with respect to each other at a location at which said welded joint is to be formed, comprising the steps of: forcing said strap lengths into face-to-face contact with each other under above-ambient pressure conditions along an interface comprising a central region and a peripheral region; increasing the temperature of said strap lengths along said interface so as to melt at least a part of the thickness of each one of said strap lengths at said interface whereby said melted parts of said strap lengths can merge with each other so as to define said welded joint when said merged melted parts of said strap lengths resolidify; and releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions firstly within said peripheral region of said interface and subsequently within said central region of said interface whereby said merged melted parts of said strap lengths along said interface comprising said central and peripheral regions are permitted to resolidify so as to form said welded joint. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein: said step of increasing said temperature of said strap lengths comprises effecting relative bodily movement between said strap lengths in a substantially circular, orbital movement mode whereby said parts of said strap lengths are melted along said interface comprising said central and peripheral regions. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A method as set forth in claim 9, wherein: said step of effecting relative bodily movement between said strap lengths comprises holding one of said strap lengths stationary while moving the other one of said strap lengths in said substantially circular, orbital mode relative to said one of said strap lengths being held stationary. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein: said step of forcing said strap lengths into face-to-face contact comprises forcing said strap lengths against an anvil by means of an annular strap-contacting member and a central strap-contacting member disposed within said annular strap-contacting member. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) A method as set forth in claim 11, wherein: said step of releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions comprises firstly separating said anvil and said annular strap-contacting member sufficiently so as to release the pressure of said annular strap-contacting member upon said peripheral region of said strap lengths, and subsequently separating said anvil and said central strap-contacting member sufficiently so as to release the pressure of said central strap-contacting member upon said central region of said strap lengths. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) A method as set forth in claim 8, further comprising the step of: using a thermoplastic strap fabricated from polyester. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) A method as set forth in claim 8, further comprising the step of: using a thermoplastic strap fabricated from polyethylene terephthalate. ### Claim 15 A method for making a welded joint between first and second lengths of a thermoplastic strap which are disposed in an overlapping, face-to-face relationship with respect to each other at a location at which said welded joint is to be formed, comprising the steps of: forcing said strap lengths into face-to-face contact with each other under above-ambient pressure conditions along an interface comprising a central region and a peripheral region; increasing the temperature of said strap lengths along said interface so as to melt at least a part of the thickness of each one of said strap lengths at said interface whereby said melted parts of said strap lengths can merge with each other so as to define said welded joint when said merged melted parts of said strap lengths resolidify; and releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions firstly within said peripheral region of said interface while maintaining said above-ambient pressure conditions within said central region of said interface, and subsequently releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions within said central region of said interface whereby said merged melted parts of said strap lengths along said interface comprising said central and peripheral regions are permitted to resolidify so as to form said welded joint which is characterized by the inclusion of a plurality of closed cavities within said peripheral region of said welded joint while said central region of said welded joint is substantially free of said cavities. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) A method as set forth in claim 15, wherein: said step of increasing said temperature of said strap lengths comprises effecting relative bodily movement between said strap lengths in a substantially circular, orbital movement mode whereby said parts of said strap lengths are melted along said interface comprising said central and peripheral regions. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) A method as set forth in claim 16, wherein: said step of effecting relative bodily movement between said strap lengths comprises holding one of said strap lengths stationary while moving the other one of said strap lengths in said substantially circular, orbital mode relative to said one of said strap lengths being held stationary. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) A method as set forth in claim 15, wherein: said step of forcing said strap lengths into face-to-face contact comprises forcing said strap lengths against an anvil by means of an annular strap-contacting member and a central strap-contacting member disposed within said annular strap-contacting member. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) A method as set forth in claim 18, wherein: said step of releasing said above-ambient pressure conditions comprises firstly separating said anvil and said annular strap-contacting member sufficiently so as to release the pressure of said annular strap-contacting member upon said peripheral region of said strap lengths, and subsequently separating said anvil and said central strap-contacting member sufficiently so as to release the pressure of said central strap-contacting member upon said central region of said strap lengths. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) A method as set forth in claim 15, further comprising the step of: using a thermoplastic strap fabricated from polyester. ### Claim 21 (depends on 15) A method as set forth in claim 15, further comprising the step of: using a thermoplastic strap fabricated from polyethylene terephthalate.