# US 5,349,963 A · Method and apparatus for measuring muscle fatigue > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,349,963 A - Document ID: US5349963A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/103,749 - Filed: 1993-08-06 - Granted: 1994-09-27 - Earliest claimed: 1993-08-06 - Assignees: Sanhill Oy - Inventors: Paavo Eskelinen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5349963A ## CPC - A61B 5/397: Analysis of electromyograms - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract A method and an apparatus for measuring muscle fatigue is disclosed, in which electromyographic (EMG) signals are measured from a muscle in order to determine the fatigue level of the muscle. The invention comprises the steps of: receiving an EMG input signal from electrodes attached to the muscle to be analyzed; sampling said input signal to a sequence of discrete signal values; calculating the difference between several pairs of successive sample values; depending on the sign of the calculated difference, adding cumulatively the sampled values in a first or second accumulator means, and said difference values in a third accumulator means; obtaining separate sequences of quotients between the values representative of the output from said third accumulator means and values representative of the outputs from said first and second accumulator means, respectively; obtaining for each of said sequences a single quotient having a weighted value representative of a number of said quotients; multiplying the obtained weighted values with each other in order to obtain an index indicative of fatigue during said time period in said muscle. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for measuring muscle fatigue, in which electromyographic (EMG) signals measured from a muscle are used to determine the fatigue level of the muscle, the method comprising the steps of: receiving an EMG input signal x(t) from electrodes attached to the muscle to be analyzed; sampling said input signal to form a sequence of discrete signal values x.sub.i ; calculating the difference .DELTA.x.sub.i between several pairs of successive sample values x.sub.i and x.sub.i.multidot.i ; depending on the signal of the calculated difference .DELTA..sub.xi, adding cumulatively the sampled values x.sub.i in a first accumulator means (A1) if said difference is positive, and in a second accumulator means (B1) if said difference is negative, and said difference values .DELTA..sub.xi in a third accumulator means (C); obtaining separate sequences of quotients between the values representative of the output from said third accumulator means and values representative of the outputs from said first and second accumulator means, respectively; obtaining for each of said sequences a single quotient having a weighted value representative of a number of said quotients; and multiplying the obtained weighted values with each other in order to obtain an index indicative of fatigue in said muscle. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, including performing the cumulative addition of the sampled values x.sub.i to said first, second and third accumulator means in a cyclic fashion for a number of sample values, after which the sums of the accumulator means are read and the accumulator means are reset. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining separate sequences of quotients id done in a cyclic fashion with a predetermined number of quotients, performing a statistical analysis of the quotients after at least one sequence containing a predetermined number of quotients has been provided, whereafter the resulting value is read and new quotients sequences are generated. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, wherein the single weighted quotient value for each of said sequences is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of the quotients. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, wherein the single weighted quotient value for each of said sequences is obtained by calculating the median value of the quotients. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) Method according to claim 1, including the steps of further processing the output values of said third accumulator means by producing the square and cube values of said output values of said third accumulator means, which provide a scaled emphasis function for said output values (.SIGMA..sub.c). ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) Method according to claim 6, including the steps of further dividing the weighted quotient values with a second value representative of the square of the output from said third accumulator means; and multiplying the obtained values with each other in order to obtain an index indicative of fatigue during said time period in said muscle. ### Claim 8 Apparatus for measuring muscle fatigue, in which electromyographic (EMG) signals from a muscle are measured to determine the fatigue level of the muscle, the apparatus comprising: input means (1) adapted to receive an EMG input signal x(t) from electrodes attached to the muscle to be analyzed and to sample said input signal to form a sequence of discrete signal values x.sub.i ; difference calculating means (S) for computing the difference .DELTA.x.sub.i between several pairs of successive sample values x.sub.i and x.sub.i.multidot.1 ; control logic means (3) for determining the sign of said difference .DELTA.x.sub.i and for providing the signals necessary for controlling the EMG measuring apparatus; first, second and third accumulator means (A1, B1, C) for selectively receiving, depending on the sign of the calculated difference .DELTA.x.sub.i, sampled values x.sub.i and said difference values .DELTA.x.sub.i ; dividing means (D1, E1) for computing separate sequences of quotients between values representative of the output from said third accumulator means and values representative of the output from one of said first and second accumulator means, respectively; statistical analyzing means (F,G) for obtaining for each of said sequences a single weighted quotient value representative of a number of said quotients; and multiplying means (H) for multiplying the obtained weighted values with each other in order to obtain an index indicative of fatigue during said time period in said muscle. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein each of the said accumulator means includes a reset input terminal which receives an reset signal when a predetermined number of sample values x.sub.i have been cumulatively added and calculated upon. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the statistical analyzing means (F,G) includes a reset input terminal which receives a reset signal when said predetermined number of said quotients on each sequence of quotients have been statistically calculated upon. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the statistical analyzing means (F,G) comprises means for calculating the arithmetic mean of the quotients. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the statistical analyzing means (F,G) comprises means for calculating the median value of the quotients. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) Apparatus according to claim 8, including processing means (Q, P) to produce the square and cube values of the output of said third accumulator means, which provides an emphasize function for the output values (.SIGMA..sub.c), and further accumulator means (A2, B2) which perform a necessary scaling operation to the emphasize function. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) Apparatus according to claim 13, the apparatus further including second dividing means (D2, E2) for dividing the weighted quotient values with a second value representative of the square of the output from said third accumulator means.