# US 5,349,149 A · Dual-purpose fluid for cutting and electrical discharge machining

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- Number: US 5,349,149 A
- Document ID: US5349149A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 07/844,648
- Filed: 1992-04-01
- Granted: 1994-09-20
- Earliest claimed: 1989-10-04
- Assignees: Castrol Limited Burmah Castrol House
- Inventors: Harumitsu Shiraki; Hiroyasu Sohtome; Kiyoshi Suzuki; Tetsutaro Uematsu; Lao-Sou Su
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5349149A

## CPC

- C10M 173/02: not containing mineral or fatty oils
- B23H 1/08: Working media
- C10M 129/14: containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
- C10M 129/16: Ethers
- C10M 145/28: of alkylene oxides containing 2 carbon atoms only
- C10M 145/30: of alkylene oxides containing 3 carbon atoms only
- C10M 145/36: etherified
- C10M 145/38: esterified
- C10M 2201/02: Water
- C10M 2207/022: containing at least two hydroxy groups
- C10M 2207/024: having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
- C10M 2207/04: Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M 2207/046: Hydroxy ethers
- C10M 2209/104: of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
- C10M 2209/105: of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
- C10M 2209/108: etherified
- C10M 2209/109: esterified
- C10N 2040/22: with essential removal of material {, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling}
- C10N 2040/24: without essential removal of material {, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding}; Punching metal
- C10N 2040/241: {Manufacturing joint-less pipes}
- C10N 2040/242: {Hot working}
- C10N 2040/243: {Cold working}
- C10N 2040/244: {of specific metals}
- C10N 2040/245: {Soft metals, e.g. aluminum}
- C10N 2040/246: {Iron or steel}
- C10N 2040/247: {Stainless steel}
- C10N 2050/01: {Emulsions, colloids, or micelles}
- C10M: LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS (well drilling compositions C09K8/02); USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION (mould release, i.e. separating, agents for metals B22C3/00, for plastics or substances in a plastic state, in general B29C33/56, for glass C03B40/02; textile lubricating compositions D06M11/00, D06M13/00, D06M15/00; immersion oils for microscopy G02B21/33)
- B23H: WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL (processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings, electroforming, or apparatus therefor C25D; processes for the electrolytic removal of material from objects C25F; manufacturing printed circuits using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material to form the desired conductive pattern H05K3/18)
- C10N: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS

## Abstract

A cutting and machining fluid applicable to both cutting and electrical discharge machining. This cutting and machining fluid comprises a water-soluble organic compound that shows an electrical resistivity of not less than 10,000 .OMEGA..cm when it is contained in deionized water having an electrical resistivity of not less than 1,000,000 .OMEGA..cm, in a concentration of from 1 to 10 % by weight, a nonionic surface active agent, or a mixture of these. The organic compound is selected from the group of ethylene glycols, propylene glycols, glycol monoethers, and polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A machining fluid comprising:
from 10 to 80% by weight of a water soluble organic compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycols having the formula
HO--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --H
where n=1 to 24, propylene glycols having the formula
HO--(CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3).sub.n --H
where n=1 to 24, glycol monoethers having the formula
RO--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --H
where R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl group and n=1 to 10, and polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters having the formula
R.sub.2 --COO--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.m --H
where R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of aryl and C.sub.17 to C.sub.22 alkyl, and m=9 to 20; and
the balance of the composition comprising deionized water having an electrical resistivity of at least 1.times.10.sup.6 ohm cm.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The machine fluid of claim 1 wherein the water soluble organic compound is a propylene glycol having the formula HO--(CH2--CH(CH.sub.3)--O).sub.n --H where n=1 to 24.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The machining fluid of claim 1 wherein the water soluble organic compound is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, tetrapropylene glycol, pentapropylene glycol, and hexapropylene glycol.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The machine fluid of claim 1 wherein the composition additionally includes from 0.1 to 60% by weight of a nonionic surface active agent and wherein the combined water soluble organic compound and nonionic surface active agent are present in an amount of from 3 to 80% by weight in total.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The machining fluid of claim 1, wherein said water soluble organic compound is
HO--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --H
and n=9 to 20.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The machining fluid of claim 1, wherein said water soluble organic compound is
R.sub.2 --COO--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.m --H
and m=9 to 20.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The machining fluid of claim 1, wherein said water soluble compound is one of said glycol monoethers.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The machining fluid of claim 1, having an electrical resistivity of more than 1.times.10.sup.4 .OMEGA.cm.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The machining fluid of claim 1, having an electrical resistivity of at least 4.5.times.10.sup.4 .OMEGA.cm.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

A method of machining a conductive workpiece, comprising the steps of:
A. providing a workpiece,
B. contacting the workpiece with a first machining fluid having a composition defined claim 1;
C. machining the workpiece by mechanically cutting it;
D. contacting the workpiece with a second machining fluid having a composition defined in claim 1; and
E. electrical discharge machining the workpiece.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein said first and second machining fluids are one machining fluid composition.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein said two contacting steps are carried out by continuously contacting the workpiece with said one machining fluid composition while carrying out said two machining steps.