# US 5,347,694 A · Locking mechanisms > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,347,694 A - Document ID: US5347694A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/033,842 - Filed: 1993-03-19 - Granted: 1994-09-20 - Earliest claimed: 1991-07-02 - Inventors: Richard W. Perkins; Bradley I. Read - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5347694A ## CPC - F16B 21/10: by separate parts ({F16B21/06 takes precedence}; key-type connection F16B3/00; locking screws or nuts against rotation by such means F16B39/04) - Y10T 24/45618: and interlocking with independently associated or dissociated projection members - Y10T 24/45634: Operator includes camming or wedging element - F16B: DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING (couplings for transmitting rotation F16D) - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract A fastener that has an anchor that can be inserted into and locked within a female cage. The female cage includes at least two flexible spring members that each have a first portion and a second portion that is at an angle to the first portion. The cage also has a collar that extends around the first portions of the flexible members. The springs are adapted to move relative to the collar between first and second positions. When the springs are in the first position, the second portions are separated into an open position. Movement of the springs into the second position forces the second portions of the springs to move into a closed position. The second sides are constructed so that there is an aperture between the springs when the second portions are in the closed position. The anchor has a conical shaped barb with an apex and a base portion. The base portion of the barb is slightly larger than the aperture between the springs. When the female cage is in the closed position, the anchor can be pushed through the aperture. Once inserted, the stiffness of the second portions prevent the barb from being pulled back out of the cage. Detachment occurs when the springs are moved back into the first position and the second portions open up into the open position, whereby the barb can be removed from the cage. The flexible springs are attached to a gear that rotates and moves the springs between the first and second positions. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A fastener, comprising: at least two flexible spring members each having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle from said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that contains said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members and said collar can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position; a gear assembly that induces movement between said collar and said flexible spring members such that said collar an said flexible spring members move between said first position and said second position; and, an anchor adapted to be inserted through said aperture of said flexible spring members, said anchor having a locking portion that operatively engages said flexible spring members to prevent said anchor from being pulled through said aperture after said anchor has been inserted through said aperture, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, further comprising alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchor for aligning said anchor with said aperture of said second portions. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The fastener as recited in claim 2, wherein said alignment means include a first housing operatively connected to said flexible spring members and a second housing operatively connected to said anchor, said first housing having a first profile and said second housing having a second profile that matches said first profile such that said second housing can be aligned with and coupled to said first housing. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The fastener as recited in claim 3, wherein said first profile of said first housing is a conical shaped disk and said second profile of said second housing is a conical shaped cup. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, wherein said anchor has a cone shaped barb with an apex and a base portion that is larger than said aperture, wherein said barb is inserted through said aperture by first passing said apex and then said base portion of said barb through said aperture, said second portions being flexible enough to allow said base portion to be inserted through said aperture and rigid enough to prevent said base portion from passing back through said aperture after said barb has been inserted. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, wherein said movement means includes a rack operatively connected to a gear of said gear assembly, such that said rack moves between a first linear position and a second linear position rotating said gear between a first angular position and a second angular position, said gear being operatively connected to said collar and said flexible spring members such that rotation of said gear between said first and second angular positions induces movement between said collar and said flexible spring members such that said collar and said flexible spring members are between said first and second positions. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The fastener as recited in claim 6, wherein there are two gears operatively connected to said rack, said collar and said flexible spring members. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, wherein said flexible spring members have a radial base portion that biases said second portions into said open position. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, wherein there are four flexible spring members constructed to define a rectangular box when said second portions are in said closed position. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, wherein said flexible spring members are constructed from steel. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The fastener as recited in claim 1, wherein said flexible spring members are constructed from plastic. ### Claim 12 A fastener that can attach a first member to a second member, comprising: at least two flexible spring members operatively connected to the first member, each flexible spring member having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle oblique to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that contains said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members and said collar can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position; at least one gear operatively connected to said collar and said flexible spring members, said gear being rotatable between a first angular position and a second angular position, wherein said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position when said gear is in said first angular position and said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position when said gear is in said second angular position; a rack operatively connected to said gear to rotate said gear between said first and second angular positions; an anchor attached to the second member and adapted to be inserted through said aperture of said flexible spring members, said anchor having a cone shaped barb with an apex and a base portion that is larger than said aperture, wherein said barb can be inserted through said aperture by first passing said apex and then said base portion of said barb through said aperture, said second portions being flexible enough to allow said base portion to be inserted through said aperture and rigid enough to prevent said base portion from being pulled back through said aperture after said barb has been inserted, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said collar and said flexible spring member are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; and, alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchor to align said barb with said aperture. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The fastener as recited in claim 12, wherein said alignment means include a first housing operatively connected to said flexible spring members and a second housing operatively connected to said anchor, said first housing having a first profile and said second housing having a second profile that matches said first profile such that said second housing can be align with and coupled to said first housing. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The fastener as recited in claim 13, wherein said first profile of said first housing is a conical shaped disk and said second profile of said second housing is a conical shaped cup. ### Claim 15 A fastener, comprising: at least two flexible spring members each having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that extends around said first portions of said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members can move relative to said collar between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said flexible spring members are in said second position; a gear assembly that moves said flexible spring members between said first and second positions; and, an anchor adapted to be inserted through said aperture of said flexible spring members, said anchor having a locking portion that operatively engages said flexible spring members to prevent said anchor from being pulled through said aperture after said anchor has been inserted through said aperture, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The fastener as recited in claim 15, further comprising alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchor for aligning said anchor with said aperture of said second portions. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The fastener as recited in claim 16, wherein said alignment means include a first housing operatively connected to said flexible spring members and a second housing operatively connected to said anchor, said first housing having a first profile and said second housing having a second profile that matches said first profile such that said second housing can be align with and coupled to said first housing. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The fastener as recited in claim 17, wherein said first profile of said first housing is a conical shaped disk and said second profile of said second housing is a conical shaped cup. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The fastener as recited in claim 15, wherein said anchor has a cone shaped barb with an apex and a base portion that is larger than said aperture, wherein said barb is inserted through said aperture by first passing said apex and then said base portion of said barb through said aperture, said second portions being flexible enough to allow said base portion to be inserted through said aperture and rigid enough to prevent said base portion from passing back through said aperture after said barb is inserted. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The fastener as recited in claim 15, wherein said movement means includes a rack operatively connected to a gear of said gear assembly, such that said rack moves between a first linear position and a second linear position rotating said gear between a first angular position and a second angular position, said gear being operatively connected to said flexible spring members such that rotation of said gear between said first and second angular positions moves said flexible spring members between said first and second positions. ### Claim 21 (depends on 20) The fastener as recited in claim 20, wherein there are two gears operatively connected to said rack and said flexible spring members. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The fastener as recited in claim 21, wherein said flexible spring members have a radial base portion that biases said second portions into said open position. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The fastener as recited in claim 22, wherein there are four flexible spring members constructed to define a rectangular box when said second portions are in said closed position. ### Claim 24 (depends on 15) The fastener as recited in claim 15, wherein said flexible spring members are constructed from steel. ### Claim 25 (depends on 15) The fastener as recited in claim 15, wherein said flexible spring members are constructed from plastic. ### Claim 26 A fastener that can attach a first member to a second member, comprising: at least two flexible spring members operatively connected to the first member, each said flexible spring member having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle oblique to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that extends around said first portions of said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members can move relative to said collar between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said flexible spring members in said second position; at least one gear operatively connected to said flexible spring members, said gear being rotatable between a first angular position and a second angular position, wherein said flexible spring members are in said first position when said gear is in said first angular position and said flexible spring members are in said second position when said gear is in said second angular position; a rack operatively connected to said gear to rotate said gear between said first and second angular positions; an anchor attached to the second member and adapted to be inserted through said aperture of said flexible spring members, said anchor having a cone shaped barb with an apex and a base portion that is larger than said aperture, wherein said barb can be inserted through said aperture by first passing said apex and then said base portion of said barb through said aperture, said second portions being flexible enough to allow said base portion to be inserted through said aperture and rigid enough to prevent said base portion from passing back through said aperture after said barb has been inserted, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; and, alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchor to align said barb with said aperture. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The fastener as recited in claim 26, wherein said alignment means include a first housing operatively connected to said flexible spring members and a second housing operatively connected to said anchor, said first housing having a first profile and said second housing having a second profile that matches said first profile such that said second housing can be align with and coupled to said first housing. ### Claim 28 (depends on 27) The fastener as recited in claim 27, wherein said first profile of said first housing is a conical shaped disk and said second profile of said second housing is a conical shaped cup. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The fastener as recited in claim 28, wherein said flexible spring members each have a radial base portion constructed such that said second sides are biased toward said open position. ### Claim 30 (depends on 29) The fastener as recited in claim 29, wherein there are four flexible spring members constructed to define a rectangular box when said second portions are in said closed position. ### Claim 31 A fastener system, comprising: at least two female cages that each include; at least two flexible spring members, each having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle from said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that contains said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members and said collar can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position; a gear assembly that induces movement between said collars and said flexible spring members such that said collar and said flexible spring members of each female cage move simultaneously between said first and second positions; and, at least two anchors each adapted to be inserted through a corresponding aperture, each said anchor having a locking portion that operatively engages said flexible spring members to prevent said anchors from passing through said aperture after said anchor has been inserted through said aperture, said anchors being releasable from said flexible spring members when said collars and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The fastener as recited in claim 31, wherein said gear assembly includes a first rack operatively connected to at least two first gears such that said first rack can move between a first linear position and a second linear position rotating said first gears between a first angular position and a second angular position, said first gears being operatively connected to said collars and said flexible spring members of said female cages such that said rotation of said first gears between said first and second angular positions induces movement between said collars and said flexible spring members such that said collars and said flexible spring members are between said first and second positions. ### Claim 33 (depends on 31) The fastener as recited in claim 31, wherein said gear assembly includes at least two first racks each operatively connected to at least one first gear such that each said first racks can move between a first linear position and a second linear position rotating said first gears between a first angular position and a second angular position, said first gears being operatively connected to said collars and flexible spring members of each said female cage such that said rotation of said first gears between said first and second angular position induces movement between said collars and said flexible spring members such that said collars and said flexible spring members are between said first and second positions, said first racks being operatively connected to actuation means that simultaneously move said first racks between said first and second linear positions. ### Claim 34 (depends on 33) The fastener as recited in claim 33, wherein said actuation means includes at least two second gears each operatively connected to said first racks such that rotation of said second gears causes linear movement of said first racks, and a second rack operatively connected to said second gears such that linear movement of said second rack causes rotation of said second gears, said second rack being adapted to move between a first linear actuation position and a second linear actuation position, which simultaneously rotates said second gears and said first racks between said first and second linear positions. ### Claim 35 (depends on 31) The fastener as recited in claim 31, wherein said gear assembly includes at least two first gears that are operatively connected to said collar and said flexible spring members of said female cages, said first gears being adapted to move between a first angular position and a second angular position, such that said collars and said flexible spring members are in said first positions when said first gears are in said first angular position and said collars and said flexible spring members are in said second position when said first gears are in said second angular position, said first gears each being operatively connected to a hydraulic system that simultaneously rotates said first gears between said first and second angular positions. ### Claim 36 (depends on 31) The fastener as recited in claim 31, wherein said gear assembly includes at least two first gears that are operatively connected to said collar and said flexible spring members of said female cages, said first gears being adapted to move between a first angular position and a second angular position such that said collars and said flexible spring members are in said first position when said first gears are in said first angular position and said collars and said flexible spring members are in said second position when said first gears are in said second angular position, said first gears each being operatively connected to an electrical system that simultaneously rotates said first gears between said first and second angular positions. ### Claim 37 A fastener system, comprising: at least two female cages that each include; at least two flexible spring members each having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle oblique to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that extends around said first portions of said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members can move between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said flexible spring members are in said second position; a gear assembly that simultaneously moves said flexible spring members of each said female cage between said first and second positions; at least two anchors each adapted to be inserted through a corresponding aperture, said anchors each having a cone shaped barb with an apex and a base portion that is larger than said aperture, wherein said barb can be inserted through said aperture by first passing said apex and then said base portion of said barb through said aperture, said second portions being flexible enough to allow said base portion to be inserted through said aperture and rigid enough to prevent said base portion from passing back through said aperture after said barb has been inserted, said anchors being releasable from said flexible spring members when said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; and, alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchors to align said barbs with said apertures. ### Claim 38 (depends on 37) The fastener as recited in claim 37, wherein said gear assembly includes a first rack operatively connected to at least two first gears such that said first rack can move between a first linear position and a second linear position rotating said first gears between a first angular position and a second angular position, said first gears being operatively connected to said flexible spring members of each said female cage such that said rotation of said first gears between said first and second angular positions moves said flexible spring members between said first and second positions. ### Claim 39 (depends on 37) The fastener as recited in claim 37, wherein said gear assembly includes at least two first racks each operatively connected to at least one first gear such that each said first rack can move between a first linear position and a second linear position rotating said first gears between a first angular position and a second angular position, said first gears being operatively connected to said flexible spring members of each said female cage such that said rotation of said first gears between said first and second angular position moves said flexible spring members between said first and second positions, said first racks being operatively connected to actuation means that simultaneously move said first racks between said first and second linear positions. ### Claim 40 (depends on 39) The fastener as recited in claim 39, wherein said actuation means includes at least two second gears each operatively connected to said first racks such that rotation of said second gears causes linear movement of said first racks, and a second rack operatively connected to said second gears such that linear movement of said second rack causes rotation of said second gears, said second rack being adapted to move between a first linear actuation position and a second linear actuation position, which simultaneously rotates said second gears and said first racks between said first and second linear positions. ### Claim 41 (depends on 37) The fastener as recited in claim 37, wherein said gear assembly includes at least two first gears that are operatively connected to said flexible spring members of said female cages, said first gears being adapted to move between a first angular position and a second angular position, such that said flexible spring members are in said first position when said first gears are in said first angular position and said flexible spring members are in said second position when said first gears are in said second angular position, said first gears each being operatively connected to a hydraulic system that simultaneously rotates said first gears between said first and second angular positions. ### Claim 42 (depends on 37) The fastener as recited in claim 37, wherein said gear assembly includes at least two first gears that are operatively connected to said flexible spring members of said female cages, said first gears being adapted to move between a first angular position and a second angular position such that said flexible spring members are in said first position when said first gears are in said first angular position and said flexible spring members are in said second position when said first gears are in said second angular position, said first gears each being operatively connected to an electrical system that simultaneously rotates said first gears between said first and second angular positions. ### Claim 43 A method for fastening and detaching a first member with a second member, comprising the steps of: providing at least two flexible spring members operatively connected to the first member, flexible spring members having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; providing a collar that contains said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members and said collar can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position; providing a gear assembly that induces movement between said collar and said flexible spring members such that said collar and said flexible members are between said first position and said second position; providing an anchor attached to the second member and adapted to be inserted through said aperture of said flexible spring members, said anchor having a locking portion that operatively engages said flexible spring members to prevent said anchor from being pulled through said aperture after said anchor has been inserted through said aperture, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; moving said gear assembly that said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position and said second portions are in said closed position to create said aperture; inserting said anchor through said aperture such that said locking portion of said anchor is engaged with said flexible spring members, wherein the first and second members are fastened together; moving said gear assembly such that said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; and, removing said anchor such that said locking portion of said anchor is not engaged with said flexible spring members, wherein the first and second members are detached. ### Claim 44 (depends on 43) The method as recited in claim 43, wherein there is further provided alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchor for aligning said anchor with said aperture of said second portions. ### Claim 45 A method for fastening a first member with a second member, comprising the steps of: providing at least two flexible spring members operatively connected to the first member, flexible spring members having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; providing a collar that contains said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members and said collar can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position; providing a gear assembly that induces movement between said collar and said flexible spring members such that said collar and said flexible members are between said first position and said second position; providing an anchor attached to the second member, said anchor having a locking portion that operatively engages said flexible spring members to prevent said anchor from being pulled through said aperture, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; moving said gear assembly such that said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; placing said anchor between said opened flexible spring members; moving said gear assembly such that said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position and said second portions are in said closed position such that said anchor is engaged with said flexible spring members, wherein the first and second members are fastened together. ### Claim 46 A method for fastening and detaching a first member with a second member, comprising the steps of: providing at least two female cages that each include; at least two flexible spring members operatively connected to the first member, each flexible spring members having a first portion and a second portion extending at an angle to said first portion, said flexible spring members being constructed such that said second portions are biased into an open position, said second portions being constructed such that when said second portions are adjacent and in a closed position said second portions define an aperture; a collar that contains said flexible spring members, said collar being adapted such that said flexible spring members and said collar can move relative to each other between a first position and a second position, wherein said second portions are in said open position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said closed position when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said second position; providing a gear assembly operatively connected to each female cage that induces movement between said collars and said flexible spring members, such that said collar and said flexible spring members of each said female cage move simultaneously between said first position and said second position; providing anchors that are attached to the second member and adapted such that each anchor can be inserted through a corresponding aperture, each said anchor having a locking portion that operatively engages said flexible spring members to prevent said anchor from passing through said aperture after said anchor has been inserted through said aperture, said anchor being releasable from said flexible spring members when said collar and said flexible spring members are in said first position and said second portions are in said open position; moving said gear assembly such that said collar and said flexible spring members are simultaneously placed into said second position and said second portions are in said closed position to create said aperture; inserting said anchors through said apertures such that said locking portions of said anchors are engaged with said flexible spring members, wherein the first and second members are fastened together; moving said gear assembly such that said collar and said flexible spring members are simultaneously placed into said first position and said second portions are in said open position; and, removing said anchor such that said locking portion of said anchor is not engaged with said flexible spring members, wherein the first and second members are detached. ### Claim 47 (depends on 46) The method as recited in claim 46, wherein there is further provided alignment means operatively connected to said flexible spring members and said anchor for aligning said anchor with said aperture of said second portions.