# US 5,347,322 A · Video storage and synchronization

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- Number: US 5,347,322 A
- Document ID: US5347322A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/053,295
- Filed: 1993-04-23
- Granted: 1994-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 1991-07-09
- Assignees: Rebo Research, Inc.
- Inventors: Abby P. Levine; Barry H. Minnerly
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5347322A

## CPC

- H04N 9/75: Chroma key
- H04N 5/0736: {using digital storage buffer techniques}
- H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION

## Abstract

A video storage and synchronization system has one of more frame memories and an output buffer providing a selectable delay. Incoming video signals are digitized and routed to the memories and/or to the buffer. Stored signals are read out from the memories in synchronism with the incoming signals and can be mixed with the incoming signals before processing in the output buffer.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A video frame storage and synchronization system for processing digital video signals including a series of pixel values arranged in fields in a preselected raster order, the system comprising:
(a) a system digital input connection for accepting an incoming digital video signal;
(b) a first memory;
(c) first memory write means for writing pixel values into said first memory;
(d) first memory read means for reading pixel values from said first memory to provide said pixels read from said first memory in said preselected raster order;
(e) timing means for synchronizing said first memory read means with said incoming digital video signal so that each pixel value read from said first memory is provided simultaneously with the corresponding pixel value of a field in said incoming digital video signal;
(f) digital buffer means having a buffer input and a buffer output for accepting successive pixel values in order as presented at said buffer input, discharging pixel values in the same order at said buffer output and providing a time delay between acceptance and discharge of each such pixel value;
(g) means for adjusting said time delay provided by said digital buffer means; and
(h) routing means for selectively routing digital video signals from said system digital input connection to said first memory write means, said buffer input or both, and for selectively routing digital video signals from said first memory read means to said buffer input.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first memory has capacity sufficient to store pixel values constituting a full frame of said digital video signal, said first memory read means being operative to read successive lines of pixels in said preselected order so that the pixels read out from said first memory are supplied as full frames, said timing means being operative to synchronize said first memory read means with the incoming video signal so that the first pixel value of each field read out from said first memory means is provided simultaneously with the first pixel value of a field in the incoming video signal.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

A system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first memory read means and said first memory write means are operative to read and write pixel values to and from locations within said first memory and to vary such locations according to a fixed ordered pattern such that said locations repeat in the same order within each frame of pixel values read and written.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

A system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first memory write means is operative to write successive pixel values into said first memory in blocks of successive pixel values and said first memory read means is operative to retrieve said blocks of pixel value and read out the pixel values in each such block seriatim.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

A system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said timing means includes means for providing input timing signals in coordination with the timing of said incoming digital video signal and means for controlling operation of said first memory read means responsive to said input timing signals.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

A system as claimed in claim 5 wherein said means for providing input timing signals includes means for providing a pixel clock signal on periodic pixel clock cycles.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

A system as claimed in claim 6 wherein said means for providing said pixel clock signal includes means for inhibiting said pixel clock signal during preselected intervals.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

A system as claimed in claim 7 wherein said buffer means includes a register, means for writing a pixel value from said buffer input into said register responsive to said pixel clock signal, means for reading the earliest-written pixel value from said register to said buffer output responsive to an output clock signal, said timing means including means for providing said output clock signal at said preselected time delay relative to said pixel clock signal.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

A system as claimed in claim 8 in which said timing means includes means for accepting an external timing signal and controlling said timing means responsive to said external timing signal.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

A system as claimed in claim 9 further comprising analog-to-digital conversion means for accepting video signals in analog form, converting said analog signals to a stream of digital pixel values in synchronism with said pixel clock signal and supplying said series of pixel values to said system digital input connection.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

A system as claimed in claim 10 wherein said means for accepting an external timing signal includes means for detecting a synchronization signal incorporated in said analog video signals.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

A system as claimed in claim 11 wherein said analog-to-digital conversion means includes means for accepting parallel analog signals representing plural colors and converting said parallel analog signals to pixel values so that each pixel value incorporates a plurality of bytes representing plural colors in one pixel.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said routing means includes a mixer having a plurality of mixer inputs and means for mixing pixel values supplied to said mixer inputs with one another to obtain combined pixel values and supplying said combined pixel values to said buffer input, and means for selectively routing pixel values from said system digital input connection and said first memory read means to said mixer inputs.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

A system as claimed in claim 13 further comprising a second memory, second memory write means for writing pixel values into said second memory and second memory read means for reading pixel values from said second memory, said routing means including means for selectively routing digital video signals from said system digital input connection to said second memory write means and from said second memory read means to one of said mixer inputs.

### Claim 15 (depends on 2)

A system as claimed in claim 2 further comprising first memory random write means for accepting pixel values and write address data denoting locations within said first memory and writing pixel values into said first memory at the location denoted by said write address data.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

A system as claimed in claim 15 further comprising first memory random read means for accepting read address data and retrieving a pixel value from locations in said first memory denoted by said read address data.

### Claim 17 (depends on 16)

A system as claimed in claim 16 further comprising a data bus, said first memory random write and random read means being operative to accept and deliver said address data and pixel values on said bus.

### Claim 18

A method of processing digital video signals including a series of pixel values arranged in fields in a preselected raster order, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) accepting an incoming digital video signal;
(b) writing pixel values of the incoming digital video signal into a first memory;
(c) reading pixel values from said first memory in said preselected raster order;
(d) synchronizing said reading step with said incoming digital video signal so that each pixel value read from said first memory is provided simultaneously with the corresponding pixel value of a field in said incoming digital video signal;
(e) selectively routing pixel values of said incoming digital video signal to said first memory, to a buffer input or both, and selectively routing pixel values read from said first memory to said buffer input;
(f) accepting successive pixel values in order as presented at said buffer input, discharging pixel values in the same order at a buffer output and providing a time delay between acceptance and discharge of each such pixel value; and
(g) adjusting said time delay.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

A method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said writing step includes the step of writing pixel values constituting a full frame of said digital video signal into said first memory, said reading step includes the step of reading successive lines of pixels in preselected order so that the pixel values read out from said first memory are supplied as full fields, said synchronizing step being performed so that the first pixel value of each field read out from said first memory means is provided simultaneously with the first pixel value of a field in the incoming video signal.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

A method as claimed in claim 19 wherein said reading and writing steps are performed so as to read and write pixel values to and from locations within said first memory and to vary such locations according to a fixed ordered pattern such that said locations repeat in the same order within each frame of pixel values read and written.

### Claim 21 (depends on 19)

A method as claimed in claim 19 wherein said synchronizing step includes the steps of providing input timing signals in coordination with the timing of said incoming digital video signal and controlling of said reading steps responsive to said input timing signals.

### Claim 22 (depends on 21)

A method as claimed in claim 21 wherein said step of providing input timing signals includes the step of providing a pixel clock signal on periodic pixel clock cycles.

### Claim 23 (depends on 22)

A method as claimed in claim 22 wherein said step of providing said pixel clock signal includes the step of inhibiting said pixel clock signal during preselected intervals.

### Claim 24 (depends on 23)

A system as claimed in claim 23 wherein said step of providing a time delay includes the steps of writing a pixel value from said buffer input into a register responsive to said pixel clock signal, providing an output clock signal at said preselected time delay relative to said pixel clock signal and reading the earliest-written pixel value from said register to said buffer output responsive to said output clock signal.

### Claim 25 (depends on 23)

A method as claimed in claim 23 further comprising the steps accepting video signals in analog form and converting said analog signals to a stream of digital pixel values in synchronism with said pixel clock signal to thereby provide said incoming digital video signal, said step of providing input timing signals including the step of detecting a synchronization signal incorporated in said analog video signals.

### Claim 26 (depends on 18)

A method as claimed in claim 18 wherein said routing step includes the step of selectively mixing pixel values in said incoming digital video signal with pixel values read from said first memory and supplying said combined pixel values to said buffer input.

### Claim 27 (depends on 19)

A method as claimed in claim 19 further comprising the step of selectively modifying pixel values stored in said first memory.