# US 5,346,793 A · Toner compositions with aluminum charge enhancing additives

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 5,346,793 A
- Document ID: US5346793A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 07/948,554
- Filed: 1992-09-23
- Granted: 1994-09-13
- Earliest claimed: 1992-09-23
- Assignees: Xerox Corporation
- Inventors: Jacques C. Bertrand; Denise R. Bayley; Thomas R. Pickering; Roger N. Ciccarelli
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5346793A

## CPC

- G03G 9/09783: {Organo-metallic compounds}
- G03G 9/1085: {with non-ferrous metal oxide, e.g. MgO-Fe2O3}
- G03G 9/1087: {Specified elemental magnetic metal or alloy, e.g. alnico comprising iron, nickel, cobalt, and aluminum, or permalloy comprising iron and nickel}
- G03G 9/1133: {obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds}
- G03G 9/1134: {containing fluorine atoms}
- G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY

## Abstract

A negatively charged toner composition comprised of resin particles, pigment particles, and an aluminum charge enhancing additive obtained from the reaction of an aluminum inorganic salt solution and an alkoxy substituted benzoic acid.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A negatively charged toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, and an aluminum charge enhancing additive of the following formulas ##STR3##

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is comprised of styrene polymers, acrylate polymers, methacrylate polymers, or polyesters.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is comprised of styrene acrylates, styrene methacrylates, or styrene butadienes.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 containing a wax component which has a weight average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 7,000.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 4 wherein the waxy component is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the toner further includes surface additives of metal salts of a fatty acid, colloidal silicas, titanium oxides, or mixtures thereof.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pigment is carbon black, magnetites, or mixtures thereof, cyan, magenta, yellow, red, blue, green, brown pigments or dyes, or mixtures thereof.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge additive is bis(3,5-dimethoxybenzoato)hydroxy aluminum.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge additive is bis(3,4-diethoxybenzoato)hydroxy aluminum.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the charge additive is bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoato)hydroxy aluminum.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

A dry developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

A dry developer composition in accordance with claim 11 wherein the carrier particles are comprised of ferrites, steel, or an iron powder.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

A dry developer composition in accordance with claim 11 wherein the carrier particles contain a coating of a polyvinylidene fluoride, a polymethyl methacrylate, or a mixture of polymers not in close proximity in the triboelectric series.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

A dry developer composition in accordance with claim 11 wherein the carrier particles contain a coating of polyvinylidene fluoride and polymethylmethacrylate.