# US 5,345,485 A · Coolant vent fuel rod for a light water reactor

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- Number: US 5,345,485 A
- Document ID: US5345485A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 07/850,532
- Filed: 1992-03-13
- Granted: 1994-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 1992-03-13
- Assignees: Siemens Power Corporation
- Inventors: John F. Patterson; George C. Cooke
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5345485A

## CPC

- G21C 3/322: Means to influence the coolant flow through or around the bundles
- G21C 3/326: comprising fuel elements of different composition; comprising, in addition to the fuel elements, other pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped elements, e.g. control rods, grid support rods, fertile rods, poison rods or dummy rods
- Y02E 30/30: Nuclear fission reactors
- G21C: NUCLEAR REACTORS (fusion reactors, hybrid fission-fusion reactors G21B; nuclear explosives G21J)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

An improved fuel rod is provided having a part-length fuel rod portion that improves performance with respect to typical part-length fuel rods without significant degradation of the benefits that are achieved by using such a system, e.g., improved fuel utilization, stability, and shut down margin. The present invention provides a fuel rod for a light water nuclear reactors that comprises a part-length fuel rod and an extension tube having at least one wall member defining an enclosed flow path therethrough, the extension tube being coupled to a portion of the part-length fuel rod so as to be disposed axially above the part-length fuel rod, and including at least one inlet opening, for allowing fluid that surrounds the rod and initially comprises a two phase mixture of steam and liquid, to enter the enclosed fluid path and at least one outlet opening located above the inlet opening, the extension tube includes means for separating at least some of the steam located in the fluid from the liquid located therein. The improved fuel rod allows steam to bypass the upper active portions of the fuel assembly.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A coolant vent duct for a light water nuclear reactor, the coolant vent duct surrounded by a two phase fluid mixture of steam and liquid, comprising:
a wall member defining an enclosed flow path axially therethrough, the wall member including at least one inlet opening for allowing a quantity of the fluid to enter therethrough, and at least one outlet opening located axially above said inlet opening; and
means mounted to said wall member upstream of said outlet opening for reducing the liquid content of said quantity of fluid exiting said outlet opening, wherein said means comprises a transition portion mounted axially below said wall member, said transition portion comprising a hollow tube portion and at least one helical vane for imparting centrifugal motion to fluid passing upwardly along said transition portion wherein said helical vane is wrapped therearound, and said helical vane provides a plurality of holes therethrough communicating into said hollow tube portion, said openings in flow communication with said hollow tube, said hollow tube in flow communication with said at least one inlet opening of said wall member.

### Claim 2

A nuclear fuel rod for a light water reactor comprising:
(a) a part length fuel rod portion;
(b) a tube having at least one wall member defining an enclosed flow path therethrough and further defining a discharge opening, the tube being disposed above the part length fuel rod portion;
(c) a transition connector disposed between the part length fuel rod portion and the tube, the transition connector being mounted axially and coupled to a lower end of the tube, the transition connector having a first outer perimeter substantially equal to and coupled axially to an outer perimeter of the part length fuel rod portion, and wherein the transition connector further having a second outer perimeter;
the transistor connector adapted to have an outer wall defining at least two inlet openings that are substantially aligned so that one is above the other and a hollow portion for a two phase fluid to enter the at least two inlet openings and pass through the transition connector and into the enclosed flow path in the tube;
the transition connector further including at least two substantially V-shaped surface members extending from the outer wall of the transition connector for diverting at least a portion of liquid contained in the two phase fluid from the inlet openings, and wherein a first surface member of the at least two surface members being located so that portions thereof are located below a first inlet opening and a second surface member being located so that portions thereof are located below a second inlet opening.

### Claim 3

A nuclear fuel rod for a light water reactor comprising:
(a) a part length fuel rod portion;
(b) a tube having at least one wall member defining an enclosed flow path therethrough and further defining a discharge opening, the tube being disposed above the part length fuel rod portion;
(c) a transition connector disposed between the part length fuel rod portion and the tube, the transition connector being mounted axially and coupled to a lower end of the tube, the transition connector having a first outer perimeter substantially equal to and coupled axially to an outer perimeter of the part length fuel rod portion;
at least one of the tube and the transition connector having an inlet opening for a two phase fluid to enter the enclosed flow path in the tube;
the transition connector further including means for diverting at least a portion of liquid contained in the two phase fluid from the inlet opening, and wherein the means for diverting is the transition connector adapted to having a first diameter tapering upwardly from the part length fuel rod portion into a reduced diameter and flaring thereafter into a second diameter, the tapering and flaring producing a smooth flow path from the perimeter of the part length fuel rod portion to the second diameter for propelling liquid flowing therealong radially inward then radially outward from the transition connector.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The fuel rod as in claim 3 wherein said tapering and flaring into the second diameter terminates in a sharp break.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The fuel rod as in claim 4 wherein the inlet opening is in the tube.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The fuel rod as in claim 5 wherein the means for diverting further includes a ridge disposed on a surface of the reduced diameter.

### Claim 7 (depends on 4)

The fuel rod as in claim 4 wherein the inlet opening is in the transition connector.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The fuel rod as in claim 7 wherein the inlet opening has a cylindrical protruding rim.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The fuel rod as in claim 7 wherein the inlet opening has a beveled protruding rim.

### Claim 10 (depends on 7)

The fuel rod as in claim 7 wherein the inlet opening is a plurality of openings and at least one of the plurality of openings has a cylindrical protruding rim and at least one other of the plurality of openings has a beveled protruding rim.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The fuel rod as in claim 7 wherein the transition connector has a helical vane.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The fuel rod as in claim 7 wherein the means for diverting further includes at least one helical fin.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The fuel rod is in claim 12 wherein the inlet opening in the transition connector is disposed on the helical fin.

### Claim 14

A nuclear fuel rod for a light water reactor comprising:
(a) a part length fuel rod portion;
(b) a tube having at least one wall member defining an enclosed flow path therethrough and further defining a discharge opening, the tube being disposed above the part length fuel rod portion;
(c) a transition connector disposed between the part length fuel rod portion and the tube, the transition connector being mounted axially and coupled to a lower end of the tube, the transition connector having a first outer perimeter substantially equal to and coupled axially to an outer perimeter of the part length fuel rod portion;
at least one of the tube and the transition connector having an inlet opening for a two phase fluid to enter the enclosed flow path in the tube;
the transition connector further including means for diverting at least a portion of liquid contained in the two phase fluid from the inlet opening, wherein the means for diverting is the transition connector adapted to having a first diameter tapering upwardly from the part length fuel rod portion into a reduced diameter and flaring thereafter into a first flared ring section having a second diameter, the tapering and flaring producing a smooth flow path from the perimeter of the part length fuel rod portion to the second diameter for propelling liquid flowing therealong radially inward then radially outward form the transition connector, the first flared ring section thereafter tapering upwardly into a reduced diameter and flaring thereafter into a second flared ring section having a third diameter.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The fuel rod as in claim 14 wherein said tapering and flaring into the first flared ring section terminates at a sharp break.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The fuel rod as in claim 15 wherein the inlet opening is in the tube.