# US 5,345,478 A · Method and device for non-destructive examination of a wall of a tank containing a radioactive liquid

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- Number: US 5,345,478 A
- Document ID: US5345478A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/005,067
- Filed: 1993-01-15
- Granted: 1994-09-06
- Earliest claimed: 1992-01-16
- Assignees: Framatome
- Inventors: Daniel Maire; Georges Moreau; Jacques Archer
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5345478A

## CPC

- G01B 15/025: {by measuring absorption}
- G01N 23/18: Investigating the presence of flaws defects or foreign matter
- G21C 17/003: Remote inspection of vessels, e.g. pressure vessels
- Y02E 30/30: Nuclear fission reactors
- G01B: MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q)
- G21C: NUCLEAR REACTORS (fusion reactors, hybrid fission-fusion reactors G21B; nuclear explosives G21J)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

The tank contains a liquid in which a radioactive element emitting gamma radiation is distributed substantially uniformly. A photon detector (15) is disposed in the vicinity of the external surface of a measurement, zone of the wall (12), a count is made of the photons emitted by the radioactive element distributed in the liquid (7), through the measurement zone of the wall (12), a number of photons determined by counting is compared with a reference number emitted by the radioactive element through a reference zone of the wall (12) and it is deduced therefrom whether or not a defect (8) is present in the measurement zone of the wall (12). The measurement device comprises a photon detector (15) disposed at one end of a collimator (16) made of heavy metal traversed by channels or windows (17).

## Claims

### Claim 1

Method for non-destructive examination of a wall of a vessel of an operating nuclear reactor containing a cooling fluid of the reactor comprising liquid sodium in which at least a part of the sodium is activated in the operating reactor and constitutes at least one radioactive element emitting gamma radiation distributed substantially uniformly in the cooling liquid of the reactor, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) shutting down the nuclear reactor; and
(b) counting the number of photons of the gamma radiation emitted by at least one radioactive sodium element through at least a part of the wall of the vessel.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

Method according to claim 1, wherein said radioactive sodium element is sodium 24.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

Method according to claim 2, wherein, after shutdown of the reactor and before the counting of photons, the activity of the sodium 24 is decreased during a given period in order to obtain convenient counting conditions.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

Method according to claim 1, wherein a time interval necessary for counting a predetermined number of photons emitted by the radioactive element through the measurement zone is measured, and the time interval measured is compared with a reference time interval during which the predetermined number of photons is emitted through a reference zone of the wall.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

Method according to claim 1, wherein a count is simultaneously made of the photons through the measurement zone of the wall (12) and through a reference zone, during a defined time interval, and the number of photons emitted through the measurement zone and through the reference zone is compared.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

Method according to claim 1, wherein the gamma rays emitted by said at least one element are collimated by passage through a collimator, before reaching a sensitive photon-detection surface.