# US 5,345,452 A · Adaptive equalizer for removing nonlinear distortions from digital signals > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,345,452 A - Document ID: US5345452A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/890,267 - Filed: 1992-05-29 - Granted: 1994-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 1991-05-29 - Assignees: NEC Corporation - Inventors: Hitosi Matui - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5345452A ## CPC - G11B 20/10046: {filtering or equalising, e.g. setting the tap weights of an FIR filter} - G11B 20/10009: {Improvement or modification of read or write signals} - G11B 20/10296: {using the Viterbi algorithm} - G11B: INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER (recording measured values in a way that does not require playback through a transducer G01D9/00; recording or playback apparatus using mechanically marked tape, e.g. punched paper tape, or using unit records, e.g. punched or magnetically marked cards G06K; transferring data from one type of record carrier to another G06K1/18; circuits for coupling output of reproducer to radio receiver H04B1/20; gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers or circuits therefor H04R) ## Abstract An adaptive equalizer of the present invention equalizes a data symbol sequence containing intersymbol interference and nonlinear distortions extending over several symbols, e.g., a digital signal from the read head of a high density magnetic recording and playback apparatus, thereby producing an equalized output free from such distortions. Presumed value storing means stores a plurality of presumed value signals read out of the combinations of an equalization address signal and a Viterbi transition symbol sequence signal. Error calculating means outputs a plurality of error signals representative of differences between the plurality of presumed value signals and an input data symbol. Viterbi algorithm equalizing means executes equalization according to a Viterbi algorithm and by using the plurality of error signals as branch metrics, thereby producing a presumed symbol associated with the input data symbol, the equalization address signal, and a correction address signal. Correcting means updates the presumed value signal of the presumed value signal storing means designated by the correction address signal with the input data symbol. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An adaptive equalizer for equalizing an M-level (M being an integer greater than or equal to 2) input digital signal in which a nonlinear distortion exists due to intersymbol interference to cause an impulse response to extend over n data symbols (n being an integer greater or equal to 1), said equalizer comprising: an error calculator for producing a plurality of error signals each being representative of a difference between the input signal and one of M.sup.m (m being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to n) presumed value signals corresponding to said input signal; a Viterbi algorithm equalizer for equalizing a symbol sequence having a length of n symbols by using said plurality of error signals as branch metrics and according to a Viterbi algorithm to thereby output an equalized presumed symbol associated with said input signal, while outputting a path history having a length of n-m symbols of a Viterbi transition diagram as an equalization address signal; an address signal selector for sequentially outputting addresses of said PF.sup.n presumed value signals consisting of said equalization address signal and a transition symbol sequence having a length of m symbols; and a presumed value table for sequentially receiving said addresses of said M.sup.m presumed value signals from said address signal selector to in turn sequentially feed said M.sup.m presumed value signals corresponding to said addresses to said error calculator. ### Claim 2 An adaptive equalizer for equalzing an M-level (M being an integer greater than or equal to 2) input digital signal in which a nonlinear distortion exists due to intersymbol interference to cause an impulse response to extend over n data symbols (n being an integer greater or equal to 1), said equalizer comprising: an error calculator for producing a plurality of error signals each being representative of a difference between the input signal and one of M.sup.m (m being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to n) presumed value signals corresponding to said input signal; a Viterbi algorithm equalizer for equalizing a symbol sequence having a length of n symbols by using said plurality of error signals as branch metrics and according to a Viterbi algorithm to thereby output an equalized presumed symbol associated with the input signal, outputting a path history having a length of n-m symbols of a Viterbi transition diagram as an equalization address signal, and outputting a correction address signal associated with a first presumed value signal to be corrected; an address signal selector for selecting either of said equalization address signal and said correction address signal and, when selected said equalization address signal, sequentially outputting addresses of said Mm presumed value signals consisting of an equalization address signal based on the Viterbi transition diagram and a transition symbol sequence having a length of m symbols; a corrector for processing said input signal and said first presumed value signal according to a predetermined algorithm to thereby produce a second presumed value signal; and a presumed value table for sequentially outputting same M.sup.m presumed value signals corresponding to said addresses to said error calculator in response to said addresses, feeding said first presumed value signal to said corrector in response to said correction address signal received from said address signal selector, and updating said first presumed value signal based on said correction address signal in response to said second presumed value signal. ### Claim 3 An adaptive equalizer for equalizing an M-level (M being an integer greater than or equal to 2) input digital signal in which a nonlinear distortion exists due to intersymbol interference to cause an impulse response to extend over n data symbols (n being an integer greater or equal to 1), said equalizer comprising: an error calculator for producing a plurality of error signals each being representative of a difference between the input signal and one of M.sup.m (m being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to n) presumed value signals corresponding to said input signal; a Viterbi algorithm equalizer for equalizing a symbol sequence having a length of n symbols by using said plurality of error signals as branch metrics and according to a Viterbi algorithm to thereby output an equalized presumed symbol associated with said input signal, while outputting a path history having a length of n-m symbols of a Viterbi transition diagram as an equalization address signal; and a presumed value table comprising M.sup.m storing sections addressed by n-m symbols for feeding, in response to said equalization address signal, said equalization address signal from said M.sup.m storing sections to said error calculator as addresses. ### Claim 4 An adaptive equalizer for equalizing an M-level (M being an integer greater than or equal to 2) input digital signal in which a nonlinear distortion exists due to intersymbol interference to cause an impulse response to extend over n data symbols (n being an integer greater or equal to 1), said equalizer comprising: an error calculator for producing a plurality of error signals each being representative of a difference between the input signal and one of M.sup.m (m being an integer greater than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to n) presumed value signals corresponding to said input signal; a Viterbi algorithm equalizer for equalizing a symbol sequence having a length of n symbols by using said plurality of error signals as branch metrics and according to a Viterbi algorithm to thereby output an equalized presumed symbol associated with said input signal, outputting a path history having a length of n-m symbols of a Viterbi transition diagram as an equalization address signal, and outputting a correction address signal associated with a first presumed value signal to be connected; an address signal selector for outputting said equalization address signal and said correction address signal; a presumed signal table comprising M.sup.m storing sections addressed by n-m symbols for feeding, in response to said equalization address signal from said address signal selector, said M.sup.m presumed value signals from said M.sup.m storing sections to said error calculator in parallel as addresses, feeding, in response to said correction address signal from said address signal selector, the presumed value signals selected by upper m symbols of said correction address signal from said M.sup.m storing sections addressed by lower n-m symbols of said correction address signal to a corrector, and updating said first presumed value signal on the basis of said correction address signal in response to a second presumed value signal; and said corrector for selecting said first presumed value signal out of (M.sup.m+1) presumed value signals on the basis of said correction address signal, and outputting said second presumed value signal by using said input signal and said first presumed value signal and according to a predetermined algorithm. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4) An equalizer as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein said input signal comprises a binary digital signal (i.e. M=2), the n and the m being 3 and 2, respectively.