# US 5,345,214 A · Variable range position indicator > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,345,214 A - Document ID: US5345214A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/077,542 - Filed: 1993-06-17 - Granted: 1994-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 1993-06-17 - Assignees: STD Electronic International Ltd. - Inventors: Tsz Y. (Barry) Tsui - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5345214A ## CPC - G06F 3/03543: {Mice or pucks (G06F3/03541 takes precedence)} - G05G 9/047: the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks {(for switches H01H25/04)} - G06F 3/0383: {Signal control means within the pointing device} - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G05G: CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY ("Bowden" or like mechanisms F16C1/10; gearings or mechanisms not peculiar to this purpose F16H; speed changing or reversing mechanisms for gearings conveying rotary motion F16H59/00 - F16H63/00) ## Abstract A position indicator for producing a variable maximum, variable resistance for supplying a variable amplitude signal to a computer indicating the degree of displacement of a controlled element along an axis includes a variable resistance resistor; a variable displacement element coupled to the variable resistor for varying the resistance of the variable resistor according to displacement of the element along an axis; a first fixed resistance resistor connected to first and second terminals of a transistor, the transistor being connected in series with the variable resistor to form a first series circuit; a second fixed resistance resistor, a potentiometer having a fixed resistance and a variable position contact, and a third fixed resistance resistor connected in series as a second series circuit that is connected in parallel to the first series circuit; and an amplifier having a first inverting input terminal and a second non-inverting input terminal connected to the variable resistor and the variable position contact, respectively, and an output terminal connected to a control terminal of the transistor. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A position indicator for producing a variable maximum, variable resistance for supplying a variable signal to a computer indicating the degree of displacement of a controlled element along an axis comprising: a variable resistor having a variable resistance and first and second terminals; a variable displacement displaceable element coupled to the variable resistor for varying the resistance of the variable resistor in response to the degree of displacement of the displaceable element along an axis; a first fixed resistance resistor and a transistor having first, second, and control terminals, the first fixed resistor being connected to the first and second terminals of the transistor, the transistor being connected in series with the variable resistor at the second terminal of the variable resistor and the first terminal of the transistor as a first series circuit; a second fixed resistance resistor, a potentiometer having a fixed resistance and a variable position contact movable along and electrically connected to the fixed resistance of the potentiometer, and a third fixed resistance resistor, the second fixed resistor, potentiometer, and third fixed resistor being connected in series as a second series circuit, the first and second series circuits being electrically connected together (i) at the first terminal of the variable resistor and at the second fixed resistor and (ii) at the second terminal of the transistor and the third fixed resistor, i.e., in parallel, the connection of the third fixed resistor and the second terminal of the transistor being an output terminal of the indicator; and an amplifier having a first inverting input terminal and a second non-inverting input terminal and an output terminal, the first inverting input terminal and the second non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier being connected to the second terminal of the variable resistor and the variable position contact of the potentiometer, respectively, the output terminal of the amplifier being connected to the control terminal of the transistor whereby the maximum resistance at the output terminal of the indicator is controlled by the variable position contact of the potentiometer. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The position indicator of claim 1 wherein the variable displacement element includes a joystick mechanically connected to the first variable resistor. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The position indicator of claim 1 wherein the variable displacement element includes a rolling sphere mechanically connected to the first variable resistor. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The position indicator of claim 1 wherein the transistor is a bipolar transistor. ### Claim 5 A dual axis position indicator for producing variable maximum, variable resistances for supplying variable signals to a computer indicating the respective degrees of displacement of a controlled element along each of two axes comprising: a first variable resistor having a variable resistance and first and second terminals; a first fixed resistance resistor and a first transistor having first, second, and control terminals, the first fixed resistor being connected to the first and second terminals of the first transistor, the first transistor being connected in series with the first variable resistor at the second terminal of the first variable resistor and the first terminal of the first transistor as a first series circuit; a second fixed resistance resistor, a first potentiometer having a fixed resistance and a variable position contact movable along and electrically connected to the fixed resistance of the first potentiometer, and a third fixed resistance resistor, the second fixed resistor, the first potentiometer, and the third fixed resistor being connected in series as a second series circuit, the first and second series circuits being electrically connected together (i) at the first terminal of the first variable resistor and at the second fixed resistor and (ii) at the second terminal of the first transistor and the third fixed resistor, i.e., in parallel, the connection of the third fixed resistor and the second terminal of the first transistor being a first output terminal of the indicator; a first amplifier having a first inverting input terminal and second non-inverting input terminal and an output terminal, the first inverting input terminal and second non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier being connected to the second terminal of the first variable resistor and the variable position contact of the first potentiometer, respectively, the output terminal of the first amplifier being connected to the control terminal of the first transistor whereby the maximum resistance at the first output terminal of the indicator is controlled by the variable position contact of the first potentiometer; a second variable resistor having a variable resistance and first and second terminals; a variable displacement displaceable element coupled to the first and second variable resistors for varying the resistances of the first and second variable resistors in response to the degree of displacement of the displaceable element along first and second axes, respectively; a fourth fixed resistance resistor and a second transistor having first, second, and control terminals, the fourth fixed resistor being connected to the first and second terminals of the second transistor, the second transistor being connected in series with the second variable resistor at the second terminal of the second variable resistor and the first terminal of the second transistor as a third series circuit; a fifth fixed resistance resistor, a second potentiometer having a fixed resistance and a variable position contact movable along and electrically connected to the fixed resistance of the second potentiometer, and a sixth fixed resistance resistor, the fifth fixed resistor, the second potentiometer, and sixth fixed resistor being connected in series as a fourth series circuit, the third and fourth series circuits being electrically connected together (i) at the first terminal of the second variable resistor and at the fifth fixed resistor and (ii) at the second terminal of the second transistor and the sixth fixed resistor, i.e., in parallel, the connection of the sixth fixed resistor and the second terminal of the second transistor being a second output terminal of the indicator; and a second amplifier having a first inverting input terminal and a second non-inverting input terminal and an output terminal, the first inverting input terminal and the second non-inverting input terminal of the second amplifier being connected to the second terminal of the second variable resistor and the variable position contact of the second potentiometer, respectively, the output terminal of the second amplifier being connected to the control terminal of the second transistor whereby the maximum resistance at the second output terminal of the indicator is controlled by the variable position contact of the second potentiometer. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The position indicator of claim 5 wherein the variable displacement element includes a joystick mechanically connected to the first and second variable resistors. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The position indicator of claim 5 wherein the variable displacement element includes a rolling sphere mechanically connected to the first and second variable resistors. ### Claim 8 (depends on 5) The position indicator of claim 5 wherein the first and second transistors are bipolar transistors. ### Claim 9 A circuit for producing a variable maximum, variable resistance for supplying variable signals indicating the degree of displacement of a movable contact of a variable resistor comprising: a variable resistor having a variable resistance and first and second terminals; a first fixed resistance resistor and a transistor having first, second, and control terminals, the first fixed resistor being connected to the first and second terminals of the transistor, the transistor being connected in series with the variable resistor at the second terminal of the variable resistor and the first terminal of the transistor as a first series circuit; a second fixed resistance resistor, a potentiometer having a fixed resistance and a variable position contact movable along and electrically connected to the fixed resistance of the potentiometer, and a third fixed resistance resistor, the second fixed resistor, potentiometer, and third fixed resistor being connected in series as a second series circuit, the first and second series circuits being electrically connected together (i) at the first terminal of the first variable resistor and at the second fixed resistor and (ii) at the second terminal of the first transistor and the third fixed resistor, i.e., in parallel, the connection of the third fixed resistor and the second terminal of the first transistor being an output terminal of the circuit; and an amplifier having a first inverting input terminal and a second non-inverting input terminal and an output terminal, the first inverting input terminal and the second non-inverting input terminal of the amplifier being connected to the second terminal of the variable resistor and the variable position contact of the potentiometer, respectively, the output terminal of the amplifier being connected to the control terminal of the transistor whereby the maximum resistance at the output terminal of the circuit is controlled by the variable position contact of the potentiometer. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The position indicator of claim 9 wherein the transistor is a bipolar transistor.