# US 5,344,690 A · Ceramic articles having channels for regulating the passage of fluids > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,344,690 A - Document ID: US5344690A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/034,323 - Filed: 1993-03-22 - Granted: 1994-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 1986-09-16 - Assignees: Lanxide Technology Company, LP - Inventors: Danny R. White; Michael K. Aghajanian - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5344690A ## CPC - C04B 38/061: {by melting out} - B28B 1/00: Producing shaped {prefabricated} articles from the material (using presses B28B3/00; shaping on moving conveyors B28B5/00; producing tubular articles B28B21/00 {; producing articles with embedded elements B28B23/00}) - B28B 3/025: {Hot pressing, e.g. of ceramic materials} - B28B 7/342: {which are at least partially destroyed, e.g. broken, molten, before demoulding; Moulding surfaces or spaces shaped by, or in, the ground, or sand or soil, whether bound or not; Cores consisting at least mainly of sand or soil, whether bound or not} - C04B 35/652: {Directional oxidation or solidification, e.g. Lanxide process} - Y10T 428/12007: Component of composite having metal continuous phase interengaged with nonmetal continuous phase - Y10T 428/131: Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.] - Y10T 428/1314: Contains fabric, fiber particle, or filament made of glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide, or metal carbide or other inorganic compound [e.g., fiber glass, mineral fiber, sand, etc.] - Y10T 428/24273: including aperture - Y10T 428/24322: Composite web or sheet - Y10T 428/249953: Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.] - Y10T 428/249957: Inorganic impregnant - Y10T 428/249967: Inorganic matrix in void-containing component - Y10T 428/249969: Of silicon-containing material [e.g., glass, etc.] - Y10T 428/249975: Void shape specified [e.g., crushed, flat, round, etc.] - C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE - B28B: SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (foundry moulding B22C; working stone or stone-like material B28D; shaping of substances in a plastic state, in general B29C; making layered products not composed wholly of these substances B32B) - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract Self-supporting ceramic bodies comprising a polycrystalline material comprising the oxidation reaction product of a parent metal and having therein one or more channels which inversely replicate the geometry of the configured fugitive metal are formed. These self-supporting bodies may be utilized as articles for regulating and facilitating the passage of a fluid therethrough. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An article for regulating and facilitating the passage of a fluid therethrough, said article comprising: (a) a first ceramic matrix incorporating at least one first filler material, said first ceramic matrix embedding said first filler material and said first ceramic matrix consisting essentially of about 60-99 percent by weight of a first polycrystalline oxidation reaction product consisting of aluminum essentially of a material selected from the group consisting oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicon boride, silicon oxide, aluminum boride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tin oxide and aluminum oxynitride, and the remainder of said first ceramic matrix consisting essentially of at least one first metallic constituent and voids; and (b) at least one channel wherein at least a portion of at least one wall of said at least one channel comprises a lining, said lining comprising a second ceramic matrix, said second ceramic matrix consisting essentially of about 60-99% by weight of a second polycrystalline oxidation reaction product consisting essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, silicon boride, aluminum boride, aluminum carbide, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tin oxide and aluminum oxynitride, and the remainder of said second ceramic matrix consisting essentially of at least one second metallic constituent and voids. ### Claim 2 An article for regulating and facilitating the passage of a fluid therethrough, said article comprising: (a) a first ceramic matrix consisting essentially of about 60-99% by weight of a first polycrystalline oxidation reaction product consisting essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicon boride, silicon oxide, aluminum boride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tin oxide and aluminum oxynitride, and the remainder of said first ceramic matrix consisting essentially of at least one first metallic constituent and voids; and (b) at least one channel wherein at least a portion of at least one wall of said at least one channel comprises a lining, said lining comprising a second ceramic matrix, said second ceramic matrix consisting essentially of about 60-99% by weight of a second polycrystalline oxidation reaction product consisting essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicon boride, silicon oxide, aluminum boride, aluminum carbide, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tin oxide and aluminum oxynitride, and the remainder of said second ceramic matrix consisting essentially of at least one second metallic constituent and voids. ### Claim 3 An article for regulating and facilitating the passage of a fluid therethrough, said article comprising: (a) a first ceramic matrix incorporating at least one first filler material, said first ceramic matrix embedding said first filler material and said first ceramic matrix consisting essentially of about 60-99 percent by weight of a first polycrystalline oxidation reaction product consisting essentially of a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, silicon boride, silicon oxide, aluminum boride, titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, tin oxide and aluminum oxynitride, and the remainder of said first ceramic matrix consisting essentially of at least one first metallic constituent and voids; (b) at least one channel wherein at least a portion of at least one wall of said at least one channel comprises a lining comprising at least one material selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride and silicon carbide. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The article of claim 1, wherein said at least one channel has at least one cross-sectional geometry selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, cubed, oval and polygonal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 2) The article of claim 2, wherein said at least one channel has at least one cross-sectional geometry selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, cubed, oval and polygonal. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The article of claim 3, wherein said at least one channel has at least one cross-sectional geometry selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, cubed, oval and polygonal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The article of claim 4, wherein at least one channel further comprises at least one surface geometry selected from the group consisting of screw-threaded, grooved, toothed and helical. ### Claim 8 (depends on 5) The article of claim 5, wherein at least one channel further comprises at least one surface geometry selected from the group consisting of screw-threaded, grooved, toothed and helical. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The article of claim 6, wherein at least one channel further comprises at least one surface geometry selected from the group consisting of screw-threaded, grooved, toothed and helical. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The article of claim 1, wherein said at least one channel has at least one longitudinal geometry selected from the group consisting of curved, straight, coiled and looped. ### Claim 11 (depends on 2) The article of claim 2, wherein said at least one channel has at least one longitudinal geometry selected from the group consisting of curved, straight, coiled and looped. ### Claim 12 (depends on 3) The article of claim 3, wherein said at least one channel has at least one longitudinal geometry selected from the group consisting of curved, straight, coiled and looped. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The article of claim 1, wherein said article comprises at least one article selected from the group consisting of a nozzle and a distributor. ### Claim 14 (depends on 2) The article of claim 2, wherein said article comprises at least one article selected from the group consisting of a nozzle and a distributor. ### Claim 15 (depends on 3) The article of claim 3, wherein said article comprises at least one article selected from the group consisting of a nozzle and a distributor. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The article of claim 13, wherein said article comprises a nozzle comprising at least one nozzle selected from the group consisting of a fluid discharge nozzle, a liquid spray nozzle, an extrusion nozzle, a melt-blowing nozzle, a spun-bonding nozzle and a spinneret. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The article of claim 14, wherein said article comprises a nozzle comprising at least one nozzle selected from the group consisting of a fluid discharge nozzle, a liquid spray nozzle, an extrusion nozzle, a melt-blowing nozzle, a spun-bonding nozzle and a spinneret. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The article of claim 15, wherein said article comprises a nozzle comprising at least one nozzle selected from the group consisting of a fluid discharge nozzle, a liquid spray nozzle, an extrusion nozzle, a melt-blowing nozzle, a spun-bonding nozzle and a spinneret. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The article of claim 13, wherein said nozzle comprises a fuel injector nozzle for an internal combustion engine. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The article of claim 14, wherein said nozzle comprises a fuel injector nozzle for an internal combustion engine. ### Claim 21 (depends on 15) The article of claim 15, wherein said nozzle comprises a fuel injector nozzle for an internal combustion engine. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The article of claim 1, wherein said article comprises a plurality of channels comprising at least two inlet channels and at least one outlet channel, and further comprising at least one mixing chamber for blending of separate fluids supplied to the at least one outlet channel by the at least two inlet channels.