# US 5,344,053 A · Trigger sprayer having a two-piece housing construction > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,344,053 A - Document ID: US5344053A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/848,706 - Filed: 1992-03-09 - Granted: 1994-09-06 - Earliest claimed: 1992-03-09 - Assignees: Contico International, Inc. - Inventors: Donald D. Foster; Martin S. Laffey - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5344053A ## CPC - B05B 11/0008: {Sealing or attachment arrangements between sprayer and container (between pump and container B05B11/1043)} - B05B 11/0044: {compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means (venting means for deformable containers B05B11/047)} - B05B 11/1011: {without substantial movement of the nozzle in the direction of the pressure stroke} - B05B 11/1045: {the pump being preassembled as an independent unit before being mounted on the container (B05B11/1047, B05B11/1049 take precedence)} - B05B 11/0062: {Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed (fluid-actuated pump outlet valve arrangements B05B11/1016, B05B11/1022, B05B11/1033, B05B11/1036, B05B11/104, B05B11/1064, B05B11/1097)} - B05B: SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES (spray-mixers with nozzles B01F25/72; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces by spraying B05D) ## Abstract A trigger sprayer apparatus is comprised of a sprayer housing and a vent housing that are formed independently of each other and are then assembled together. By providing a separate sprayer housing and vent housing, the sprayer apparatus may be produced in a manner that significantly reduces the occurrence of deformations or imperfections in the component parts of the apparatus. Molding the sprayer housing and vent housing separately enables the cylindrical interior surface of the pump chamber and the cylindrical interior surface of the vent chamber to be molded more accurately. Because the sprayer and vent housings are molded separately, a lesser amount of material is needed to mold each of these components and therefore shrinkage of the material as the components cool is significantly reduces. This eliminates the occurrence of deformations or sinks in critical areas of these component parts. ## Claims ### Claim 1 In a trigger sprayer apparatus for dispensing liquid from a container connected to the apparatus, the apparatus having a sprayer housing and a nozzle for dispensing fluid, a trigger mounted for pivoting movement relative thereto, a pump chamber formed in the sprayer housing and a pump piston connected with the trigger and received in the pump chamber for reciprocating movement therein in response to pivoting movement of the trigger, the reciprocating movement of the pump piston alternately drawing fluid from the container into the pump chamber and forcing fluid out of the pump chamber and through the nozzle, an improvement comprising: a vent housing discrete from the sprayer housing, a vent chamber formed in the vent housing, the vent chamber having at least one sidewall surrounding an interior volume of the vent chamber and separating the vent chamber from the interior volume of the container, and a vent opening extending through the sidewall and communicating the interior volume of the container with the interior volume of the vent chamber, the vent housing being assembled to the sprayer housing; and, means associated with the trigger and the vent chamber, said means being responsive to pivoting movement of the trigger for alternately enabling communication and preventing communication of the interior volume of the container with an exterior environment of the container through the vent opening and the vent chamber. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The sprayer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the vent chamber is a cylindrical chamber having an axial length surrounded by the sidewall with one end of the chamber closed and an opposite end of the chamber open, and the vent opening is a narrow slot through the sidewall. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The sprayer apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the slot has a length that extends along the sidewall parallel to the axis of the vent chamber. ### Claim 4 (depends on 2) The sprayer apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the means for alternately enabling communication and preventing communication with the interior volume of the container includes a vent piston connected to the pump piston, and the vent piston is received in the vent chamber for reciprocating movement within the vent chamber in response to operation of the trigger. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The sprayer apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the vent piston enables communication of the container interior volume with the exterior environment of the container through the slot when the vent piston is positioned in the vent chamber between the slot and the closed end of the vent chamber, and wherein the vent piston prevents communication of the container interior volume with the exterior environment of the container through the slot when the vent piston is positioned in the vent chamber between the slot and the open end of the vent chamber. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The sprayer apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the slot has a forward edge and a rearward edge at opposite ends of its length, the forward edge is positioned toward the open end of the vent chamber and the rearward edge is positioned toward the closed end of the vent chamber, and the vent piston enables communication of the container interior volume with the exterior environment of the container through the slot when the vent piston is positioned in the vent chamber between the forward end of the slot and the closed end of the vent chamber, and the vent piston prevents communication of the container interior volume with the exterior environment of the container through the slot when the vent piston is positioned in the vent chamber between the forward edge of the slot and the open end of the vent chamber. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The sprayer apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the vent chamber has a circular cross section and an internal diameter that is constant along the length of travel of the vent piston, and the vent piston has a general cylindrical configuration with opposite rearward and forward end surfaces, the rearward end surface facing the closed end of the vent chamber and the forward end surface facing the open end of the vent chamber, and the cylindrical configuration of the vent piston tapers between the rearward and forward end surfaces with the vent piston having a cross sectional diameter at the rearward end surface that is larger than a cross sectional diameter of the vent piston at the forward end surface, the rearward end surface being in sealing engagement with the vent chamber as the piston reciprocates. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The sprayer apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the slot has a forward edge and a rearward edge at opposite ends of its length, the forward edge is positioned toward the open end of the vent chamber and the rearward edge is positioned toward the closed end of the vent chamber, and the vent piston enables communication of the container interior volume with the exterior environment of the container through the slot when the rearward end surface of the vent piston is positioned between the forward edge and the rearward edge of the slot. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The sprayer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sprayer housing has a fluid supply column and the vent housing has a fluid conducting column that extends into the fluid supply column. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The sprayer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the sprayer housing has a vent housing chamber and the vent housing is assembled into the vent housing chamber. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The sprayer apparatus of claim 10, wherein: the sprayer housing has an opening that extends through the sprayer housing to an interior of the vent housing chamber, the vent housing has an opening that extends through the vent housing to an interior of the vent chamber, and the sprayer housing opening aligns with the vent housing opening with the vent housing assembled into the vent housing chamber of the sprayer housing. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The sprayer apparatus of claim 11, wherein: a vent piston is connected to the pump piston and extends through the sprayer housing opening and the vent housing opening into the vent chamber. ### Claim 13 A trigger sprayer apparatus for dispensing liquid from a container connected to the apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a sprayer housing with a nozzle for dispensing fluid; a trigger mounted on the sprayer housing for pivoting movement relative thereto; a pump chamber formed in the sprayer housing; a pump piston connected with the trigger and received in the pump chamber for reciprocating movement therein in response to pivoting movement of the trigger, the reciprocating movement of the pump piston alternately drawing fluid from a container into the pump chamber for forcing fluid out of the pump chamber and through the nozzle; and, a vent housing formed separate from the sprayer housing with a vent chamber therein, the vent chamber having at least one sidewall surrounding an interior volume of the vent chamber, the sidewall having a vent opening extending therethrough, the vent opening providing fluid communication between the vent chamber and an interior volume of a container connected to the sprayer apparatus, and the vent housing being assembled to the sprayer housing. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The sprayer apparatus of claim 13, wherein: a vent piston is connected to the trigger and extends into the vent chamber formed in the vent housing. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The sprayer apparatus of claim 13, wherein: the sprayer housing is formed with a vent housing chamber and the vent housing is received in the vent housing chamber. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The sprayer apparatus of claim 15, wherein: the sprayer housing has an opening that extends through the sprayer housing to the vent housing chamber, the vent chamber has an open forward end, and the sprayer housing opening aligns with the vent chamber opening with the vent housing received in the vent housing chamber of the sprayer housing.