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US 5,343,830 AGranted
Circulating fluidized bed reactor with internal primary particle separation and return
AssigneeThe Babcock & Wilcox Company
InventorsKiplin C. Alexander, Felix Belin, David E. James, David J. Walker
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A CFB reactor or combustor having an internal impact type primary particle separator provides cavity means and particle return means in an upper portion of the reactor enclosure to obtain direct and internal return of all primary collected solids to a bottom portion of the reactor or combustor for subsequent recirculation without external and internal recycle conduits.
Claims28
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation.
2 more elements
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a rear enclosure wall having a vertical centerline, a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, defined by the rear enclosure wall, a baffle plate, and a front cavity wall having a lower end thereof bent towards the rear enclosure wall to form the cavity means into a funnel shape whose outlet is adjacent the rear enclosure wall, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure inside of the vertical centerline, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation.
2 more elements
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a rear enclosure wall having a vertical centerline, a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, defined by the rear enclosure wall, a baffle plate, and a front cavity wall, the rear enclosure wall being made of fluid cooled tubes and the front cavity wall being formed from some of the fluid cooled tubes bent out of a plane of the rear enclosure wall to form the cavity means into a funnel shape whose outlet is adjacent the rear enclosure wall, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure inside of the vertical centerline, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation.
2 more elements
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a rear enclosure wall having a vertical centerline, a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure but outside of the vertical centerline, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation.
2 more elements
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion, the primary, impact type particle separator having rows of concave impingement members arranged in two groups, an upstream group having at least two rows of concave impingement members which collects particles entrained in the gas and causes them to free fall internally and directly towards the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure, the upstream group having a baffle plate to prevent gas bypassing or flowing directly upward along its impingement members, and a downstream group having at least two rows of impingement members which collects particles entrained in the gas and causes them to fall directly into cavity means connected thereto and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the downstream group of the primary, impact type particle separator, the cavity means having a baffle plate serving as a top portion of the cavity means;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation.
1 more element
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, defined by rear enclosure wall, a baffle plate, and a front cavity wall, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation, the returning means including a plurality of discharge openings arranged along a width of the reactor enclosure and having a flow area sized to provide a solids mass flux of 100-500 kg/m.sup.2 s.
2 more elements
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, defined by a rear enclosure wall, a baffle plate, and a front cavity wall, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation, the returning means including a plurality of discharge openings arranged along a width of the reactor enclosure between an end of the front cavity wall and the rear enclosure wall and a short vertical channel attached to the front cavity wall directly opposite the discharge openings to prevent gas bypassing into the cavity means and to enhance return of solids to the lower portion of the reactor enclosure in free fall vertically along the rear enclosure wall.
2 more elements
A circulating fluidized bed reactor, comprising:
- a reactor enclosure partially defined by enclosure walls and having a bottom portion, an upper portion, and an exit opening located at an outlet of the upper portion;
- a primary, impact type particle separator located within the upper portion of the reactor enclosure, for collecting particles entrained within a gas flowing within the reactor enclosure from the lower portion to the upper portion thereof, causing them to fall towards the bottom portion;
- cavity means, defined by a rear enclosure wall, a baffle plate, and a front cavity wall, connected to the primary, impact type particle separator and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for receiving collected particles as they fall from the primary, impact type particle separator;
- and
- returning means, connected to the cavity means and located entirely within the reactor enclosure, for returning particles from the cavity means directly and internally into the reactor enclosure so that they free fall unobstructed and unchanneled down along the enclosure walls to the bottom portion of the reactor enclosure for subsequent recirculation, the returning means including a plurality of discharge openings arranged along a width of the reactor enclosure between an end of the front cavity wall and the rear enclosure wall and a flapper valve placed over each discharge opening, pivotally attached to the front cavity wall.
2 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.