Back to results
US 5,342,580 AGranted
Apparatus and method for measuring the amount of gas adsorbed on or desorbed from a solid and reactions of a gas with a solid
OwnerAlan Brennerinventor
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
An apparatus and method for measuring an amount of gas adsorbed on or desorbed from a solid and for analyzing and surveying reactions of a gas with a solid. Governing parameters include pressure, temperature and gas flow rate. The apparatus and method provide accurate measurement utilizing temperature programmed characterization and the volumetric method. The method is useful at both very high and very low pressures.
Claims40
A laboratory apparatus for accurately measuring the amount of gas adsorbed on or desorbed from a solid by a volumetric method, comprising;
- a combination of a first valve and variable conductance valve to receive gas from a gas supply;
- reacting means downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve, for reacting a solid sample with said gas from said gas supply received via said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve;
- vacuum means comprising a vacuum pump with a rated ultimate vacuum of less than about 0.01 torr and operable to evacuate said reacting means and being downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and being upstream from said reacting means;
- a second valve means downstream from and in fluid communication with the combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and operable to isolate said vacuum means from said reacting means;
- a third valve means downstream from said reacting means and operable to cut off gas emanating from said reacting means;
- pressure controlling means operable to control the pressure of said reacting means to a maximum pressure of at least one atmosphere and less than 10,000 psia, said pressure controlling means being downstream from said third valve means and in fluid communication therewith and operable to receive gas therefrom and to discharge gas emanating from said third valve;
- means a fourth valve means operable to isolate said reacting means from gas emanating from said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve;
- high pressure measuring means operable to measure the pressure of a gas at pressures above one atmosphere, said high pressure measuring means being downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and being upstream from and in fluid communication with said pressure controlling means;
- low pressure measuring means operable to measure the pressure of a gas at pressures substantially below 1 atm and having an accuracy of at least 0.5% of full scale and operable to measure a pressure of 400 torr with an error of less than about 5 torr, said low pressure measuring means being downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and being upstream from and in fluid communication with said fourth valve means;
- a fifth valve means upstream of said low pressure measuring means, operable to isolate the low pressure measuring means from gas emanating from the said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve;
- heat transfer means operable to add or remove heat from said reacting means;
- temperature controlling means operable to control the temperature of said heat transfer means.
9 more elements
A laboratory apparatus for performing temperature programmed characterization at pressures near 1 atm, comprising;
- a combination of a first valve and variable conductance valve receiving gas from a gas supply;
- reacting means downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve, for reacting a solid sample with said gas from said gas supply received via said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve;
- vacuum means comprising a vacuum pump with a rated ultimate vacuum of less than about 0.01 torr and operable to evacuate said reacting means said vacuum means being downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and in fluid communication with said reacting means;
- a second valve means downstream from and in fluid communication with the combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and operable to isolate said vacuum means from said reacting means;
- a third valve means downstream from said reacting means and operable to cut off gas emanating from said reacting means;
- gas analyzer means downstream from and in fluid communication with, said third valve means and operable to measure at least one parameter of said gas and to discharge said gas emanating from said third valve means;
- heat transfer means operable to add or remove from said reacting means;
- and temperature controlling means operable to control the temperature of said heat transfer means and operable to vary temperature control with respect to time in predetermined manner.
5 more elements
A laboratory apparatus for performing temperature programmed characterization at pressures near 1-atm, comprising;
- a combination of a first valve and variable conductance valve to receive gas from a gas supply;
- reacting means downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve, for reacting a solid sample with said gas from said gas supply received via said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve;
- pressure measuring means operable to measure the pressure of a gas at pressures above 1 atm, said pressure measuring means being downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and being upstream from and in fluid communication with said pressure controlling means;
- heat transfer means operable to add or remove heat from said reacting means;
- temperature controlling means operable to control the temperature of said reacting means and operable to vary temperature with respect to time in a predetermined manner;
- pressure controlling means operable to control the pressure of said reacting means to a maximum pressure of at least 1 atm and less than 10,000 psia and being downstream from said reacting means and in fluid communication therewith and receiving gas therefrom, said pressure controlling means operable to discharge gas emanating from said reacting means;
- gas analyzer means downstream from and in fluid communication with said reacting means and operable to measure at least one parameter of said gas and to discharge said gas emanating from said reacting means.
4 more elements
A laboratory apparatus for performing temperature programmed desorption, comprising;
- a combination of a first valve and variable conductance valve to receive gas from a gas supply;
- reacting means downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve, for reacting a solid sample with said gas from said gas supply received via said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve;
- vacuum means comprising a vacuum pump selected from the group consisting of turbomolecular pump, diffusion pump, and a pump with rated ultimate vacuum of less than about 2.times.10.sup.-6 torr, and operable to evacuate said reacting means, and being downstream from and in fluid communication with said combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and being upstream from said reacting means;
- a second valve means downstream from and in fluid communication with the combination of said first valve and said variable conductance valve and operable to isolate said vacuum means from said reacting means;
- a third valve means downstream from said reacting means and operable to cut off gas emanating from said reacting means;
- an evacuable chamber downstream of said second valve means and upstream of said vacuum means;
- a mass spectrometer probe in said evacuable chamber and operable to analyze at least one parameter of the gas in said evacuable chamber;
- heat transfer means operable to permit heat transfer with said reacting means;
- and temperature controlling means operable to control the temperature of said heat transfer means and operable to vary temperature control with respect to time in a predetermined manner.
6 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.