# US 5,342,041 A · Guiding system for athletes

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- Number: US 5,342,041 A
- Document ID: US5342041A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 08/014,404
- Filed: 1993-02-05
- Granted: 1994-08-30
- Earliest claimed: 1993-02-05
- Inventors: Aaron Agulnek; Martin Agulnek
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5342041A

## CPC

- A63B 24/0003: {Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis}
- A63B 24/0021: {Tracking a path or terminating locations}
- A63B 69/00: Training appliances or apparatus for special sports (training of parachutists B64D23/00)
- A63B 69/0071: {for basketball}
- A63B 43/008: {with means for improving visibility, e.g. special markings or colours (illuminating or reflecting means A63B43/06)}
- A63B 69/0026: {for ice-hockey}
- A63B 2024/0012: {Comparing movements or motion sequences with a registered reference}
- A63B 2024/0028: {Tracking the path of an object, e.g. a ball inside a soccer pitch}
- A63B 2024/0034: {during flight}
- A63B 2220/806: Video cameras
- A63B 2220/807: Photo cameras
- A63B: APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT (apparatus for passive exercising, massage A61H)

## Abstract

An apparatus is provided for assisting players during practices or games in games, such as basketball, in which a ball or other object is directed toward a desired location. A video camera detects the ball and provides a signal indicating the location of the ball. A processor uses the location to determine an optimal location to direct the ball, and provides a signal to an illumination system. The illumination system provides a visual indication of where the player should direct the ball. The apparatus should be able to accommodate a game in which a ball may move quickly.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for use by ball players who are engaged in an exercise of directing a ball at a desired location comprising:
a video camera which detects a position of the ball and provides a signal responsive thereto;
circuitry which receives the signal from the video camera, determines a target location indicating where a player should direct the ball to cause the ball to arrive at the desired location, based on the position of the ball, and provides an output signal; and
an illumination system which receives the output signal from the circuitry and provides to the player a visual indication of the target location where the player should direct the ball, based on the received output signal,
wherein the ball, upon illumination, emits a particular spectrum, the apparatus further comprising a filter to filter an image received from the video camera, said filter for enhancing the spectrum emitted by the ball.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the circuitry comprises an analog to digital converter for converting an analog signal from the video camera to a digital signal, and a processor for using the digital signal to determine the target location.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the circuitry includes a memory which receives data from the video camera, said memory having a plurality of locations, each of which corresponds to a physical location on a field of play where the ball is used.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the illumination system includes a light source which produces a beam and a motor which moves the light beam in response to the output signal.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the circuitry has means for receiving and processing input signals and for providing output signals at a sufficient rate so that the illumination system can provide a series of visual indications as the ball is moving.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the illumination system provides a visual indication automatically without user input.

### Claim 7

An apparatus for use by ball players who are engaged in an exercise of directing a ball at a desired location comprising:
a video camera which detects a position of the ball and provides a signal responsive thereto;
circuitry which receives the signal from the video camera, determines a target location indicating where a player should direct the ball to cause the ball to arrive at the desired location, based on the position of the ball, and provides an output signal; and
an illumination system which receives the output signal from the circuitry and provides to the player a visual indication of the target location where direct the ball, based on the received output signal, wherein the illumination system comprises:
a light source;
an array of lenses; and
an array of shutters corresponding to the array of lenses; and
means for actuating each shutter in the array of shutters.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the shutters are electro-optical shutters.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7 wherein one shutter is open at a time in response to the output signal.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9 wherein the ball has a design to emit a selected frequency, the apparatus further comprising a filter for filtering out most frequencies other than the selected frequency and
wherein the circuitry includes an analog-to-digital converter, at least one buffer, and a processor for providing the output signal.

### Claim 11

An apparatus for use with a game in which a player directs an object toward a desired location, the apparatus comprising:
means for providing a signal representing a position of the object;
means for determining, based on the signal, a target location where the player should direct the object; and
means for providing a visual indication of the target location where the player should direct the object, wherein the means for determining and the means for providing a visual indication operate automatically without user input, wherein the means for determining includes means for updating the target location frequently as the object is moving.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the means for providing a signal includes a video camera.

### Claim 13

An apparatus for use with a game, in which a player directs an object toward a desired location comprising:
means for providing a signal representing a position of the object;
means for determining, based on the signal, a target location where the player should direct the object; and
means for providing a visual indication of the target location where the player should direct the object, wherein the means for providing a visual indication includes a light source and an array of shutters, said output signal directing the means for providing a visual indication to energize a selected shutter.

### Claim 14

An apparatus for use by ball players who are engaged in an exercise of directing a ball at a desired location, the apparatus comprising:
a video camera which detects a position of the ball and provides a signal responsive thereto;
circuitry which receives the signal from the video camera, determines a target location indicating where a player should direct the ball to cause the ball to arrive at the desired location, based on the position of the ball, and provides an output signal; and
an illumination system which receives the output signal from the circuitry and provides to the player a visual indication of the target location where the player should direct the ball, based on the received output signal,
wherein the circuitry includes a processor and at least one buffer, the processor for determining the target location and for providing the output signal frequently as the target is moving, and wherein the illuminating system includes
means for receiving the output signal, and
means for changing the position of the visual indication frequently as the target is moving.