# US 5,341,695 A · Material handling vehicle carriage height measurement

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- Number: US 5,341,695 A
- Document ID: US5341695A
- Status: Granted
- Kind: A
- Application number: 07/832,457
- Filed: 1992-02-07
- Granted: 1994-08-30
- Earliest claimed: 1992-02-07
- Assignees: The Raymond Corporation
- Inventors: Isaac Avitan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5341695A

## CPC

- B66F 9/0755: {Position control; Position detectors}
- F15B 15/2838: {with out using position sensors, e.g. by volume flow measurement or pump speed}
- B66F: HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD ({invalid lifting devices A61G7/10; } mounting artificial islands on piles or like supports E02B17/00; scaffolding combined with lifting devices E04G1/22; lifting devices for sliding forms E04G11/24; lifting of buildings E04G23/06; shores or struts E04G25/00; lifts or other hoisting devices on ladders E06C7/12; props for mining E21D15/00)
- F15B: SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

## Abstract

The invention features a method and apparatus of determining the absolute and/or relative carriage height of a forklift truck having an extendable mast. The hydraulic fluid displacement is converted to electrical signals to obtain the carriage height. A hydraulic flow sensor has two proximity sensors to detect motion (i.e., the speed and direction) of the fluid and to provide an electrical signal. A conversion factor is applied to the signal to precisely determine the carriage height. The conversion factor compensates for the sensor asymmetrical flow and frequency characteristics, and for the fluid kinematic viscosity characteristics.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An apparatus for determining the height of a carriage that is movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle, said height being obtained as a function of hydraulic flow rate of fluid utilized to raise and lower said carriage of said vehicle, comprising:
hydraulic moving means for raising and lowering a carriage movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle;
means defining a travel path along which said carriage is raised and lowered;
a source of hydraulic fluid;
pumping means connected to said hydraulic fluid source and to said hydraulic moving means for actuating said hydraulic moving means to raise and lower said carriage;
a flow sensor associated with said pumping means for sensing a flow rate value and direction of said hydraulic fluid when raising and lowering said carriage, and for providing an electrical signal indicative of the flow rate and flow direction, said flow sensor having different forward and reverse flow characteristics, wherein said generated signal is dependent upon fluid flow direction;
conversion means operatively connected to said flow sensor for converting said electrical signal into a height value of said raised or lowered carriage; and
a pair of reference switches operatively connected to said flow sensor and said conversion means, and disposed along said travelpath of said carriage for providing said conversion means with a unitary distance factor per electrical signal of said flow sensor.

### Claim 2

An apparatus for determining the height of a carriage that is movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle, said height being obtained as a function of hydraulic flow rate of fluid utilized to raise and lower said carriage of said vehicle, comprising:
hydraulic moving means for raising and lowering a carriage movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle;
means defining a travel path along which said carriage is raised and lowered;
a source of hydraulic fluid;
pumping means connected to said hydraulic fluid source and to said hydraulic moving means for actuating said hydraulic moving means to raise and lower said carriage;
a flow sensor associated with said pumping means for sensing a flow rate value and direction of said hydraulic fluid when raising and lowering said carriage, and for providing an electrical signal indicative of the flow rate and flow direction, said flow sensor having different fluid temperature dependent flow characteristics, wherein said generated signal is dependent upon fluid temperature;
conversion means operatively connected to said flow sensor for converting said electrical signal into a height value of said raised or lowered carriage; and
a pair of reference switches disposed along said travel path of said carriage and Operatively connected to said flow sensor and said conversion means for providing said conversion means With a unitary distance factor per electrical signal of said flow sensor, wherein each of said pair of reference switches is used as a reference point to recalibrate or synchronize said apparatus.

### Claim 3

An apparatus for determining the height of a carriage movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle, said height being obtained as a function of hydraulic flow rate of fluid utilized to raise and lower said carriage of said vehicle, comprising:
hydraulic moving means for raising and lowering a carriage movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle;
means defining a travel path along which said carriage is raised and lowered;
a flow sensor for sensing a flow rate value and direction of hydraulic fluid when raising and lowering said carriage, and for providing an electrical signal indicative of the flow rate and flow direction;
conversion means operatively connected to said flow sensor for converting said electrical signal into a height value of said raised or lowered carriage; and
a pair of reference switches disposed along said travel path of said carriage for providing said conversion means with a unitary distance factor per electrical signal of said flow sensor;
whereby in a learning mode, said switches are used by said conversion means to determine the conversion factor for hydraulic fluid flow relative to said flow sensor.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The apparatus for determining the height of a carriage movably disposed on a material handling vehicle in accordance with claim 3, wherein said pair of reference switches is used in the learning mode to determine the conversion factor when said hydraulic fluid flows in the second direction relative to said flow sensor.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The apparatus for determining the height of a carriage movably disposed upon a material handling vehicle in accordance with claim 4, wherein said conversion factors generated in said learning mode are used in actual height measurements.