# US 5,334,639 A · Starch oil sizing composition and glass fibers treated therewith > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,334,639 A - Document ID: US5334639A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 08/015,071 - Filed: 1993-02-08 - Granted: 1994-08-02 - Earliest claimed: 1992-01-30 - Assignees: PPG Industries, Inc. - Inventors: William B. Rice - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5334639A ## CPC - D06M 15/11: Starch or derivatives thereof - C03C 25/321: Starch; Starch derivatives - C08L 3/00: Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products - C08L 3/08: Ethers - D06M 7/00: {Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins (D06M10/00 takes precedence; treating fibres or filaments made of glass, mineral -, or slag wool C03C; carbon fibres D01F11/10)} - D06M 2200/40: Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions - Y10T 428/2962: Silane, silicone or siloxane in coating - Y10T 428/2967: Synthetic resin or polymer - D06M: TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS - C03C: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS - C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract An aqueous starch oil sizing composition is provided which produces improved processibility in woven and non-woven applications. The sizing combines a high amylose corn starch which has been derivatized with propylene oxide, with a low amylose highly crosslinked corn starch. The sizing also includes lubricants which may be oils or waxes and a lubricant which is the salt of a polyamino functional polyamide resin. Other emusifiers, humectants, lubricants, defoamers, and biocides may be present. The size also includes a silane coupling agent such as gamma glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane which can be hydrolyzed. Strands of glass fiber which have been treated with this size have shown a reduced tendency to shed the size from the strands, a reduction in the buildup of broken filaments or "fuzz" on processing equipment and reduced strand breakage. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An aqueous sizing composition for glass fibers comprising: a mixture of an hydroxyl propyl corn starch which has been formed by the reaction of a high amylose corn starch with propylene oxide, and a highly crosslinked low amylose non-ionic corn starch, said starches having a combined weight percentage of 50-60% of the sizing composition on a non-aqueous basis; a lubricating mixture selected from the group consisting of fatty di or triglycerides and waxes, fatty diglycerides and humectants, fatty diglycerides, waxes and humectants, or waxes and humectants, wherein the triglyceride, where present, is in a ratio to the other lubricants of at least 1:1 on a weight basis; a second lubricant which is the salt of a polyamino functional polyamide resin, said polyamino functional polyamide resin salt being formed from the condensation reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid and a polyamine, said polyamine having greater than two amine groups per molecule, and the carboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; at least one coupling agent selected from the group consisting of hydrolyzed silanes and non-hydrolyzed silanes, and mixtures thereof; and water in an mount sufficient to apply the solution to glass fibers. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 further comprising at least one emulsifier in an effective mount to produce an emulsion in water of a non-ionic lubricant selected from the group consisting of fatty di or triglycerides and waxes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The size of claim 2 wherein the emulsifier has an HLB of about between 8 and 20 and is an ethylene oxide derivative of sorbitol ester. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 further comprising a cationic lubricant in an effective cationic lubricating amount. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The size of claim 4 wherein the cationic lubricant is selected from the group consisting of fatty acid amine salts and alkyl imidazoline derivatives. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 further comprising a biocide in an amount sufficient to inhibit organic growth in said sizing composition. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 wherein the non-ionic lubricant is selected from the group consisting of partially hydrogenated soybean oil and paraffin wax, or a mixture thereof. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 wherein the humectant is polyethylene glycol. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 wherein the silane coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of gamma glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane and gamma amino propyl trimethoxy silane or a mixture thereof. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The size of claim 9 further comprising a carboxylic acid in an mount sufficient to hydrolyze said silane. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 further comprising a defoamer in an amount sufficient to decrease the amount of foam in said size. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The size of claim 1 which is present on glass fibers in a moisture reduced amount of between 0.5 and 2.5 weight percent of the glass as measured on a loss on ignition basis. ### Claim 13 An aqueous sizing composition for glass fibers comprising: between 50 and 60 weight percent on a non-aqueous basis of a mixture of two starches, a first starch being an hydroxyl propyl corn starch which has been formed by the reaction of propylene oxide with a high amylose corn starch, and a second starch being a highly crosslinked low amylose non-ionic corn starch; between 23 and 33 weight percent of a non-aqueous basis of a lubricating mixture selected from the group consisting of fatty triglycerides and waxes, or waxes and humectants, wherein the triglyceride, where present, is in a ratio to the other lubricants of at least 1:1 on a weight basis; between 6 and 12 weight percent of a non-aqueous basis of a second lubricant which is the salt of a polyamino functional polyamide resin, said polyamino functional polyamide resin salt being formed from the condensation reaction product of a polycarboxylic acid and a polyamine, said polyamine having greater than two amine groups per molecule, and the carboxylic acid having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; between 2 and 7 weight percent on a non-aqueous basis of at least one coupling agent selected from the group consisting of hydrolyzed silanes and non-hydrolyzed silanes, and mixtures thereof; and water in an amount sufficient to apply the solution to glass fibers. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The size of claim 13 further comprising a cationic lubricant in an effective cationic lubricating amount. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The size of claim 14 wherein the cationic lubricant is selected from the group consisting of fatty acid amine salts and alkyl imidazoline derivatives.