# US 5,334,478 A · Oxytitanium phthalocyanine imaging members and processes thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 5,334,478 A - Document ID: US5334478A - Status: Granted - Kind: A - Application number: 07/944,631 - Filed: 1992-09-14 - Granted: 1994-08-02 - Earliest claimed: 1992-09-14 - Assignees: Xerox Corporation - Inventors: Denis Desilets; Trevor I. Martin; James D. Mayo; Terry L. Bluhm; Cheng-Kuo Hsiao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US5334478A ## CPC - C09B 67/0026: {of phthalocyanine pigments} - C09B 67/0016: {of phthalocyanines} - C09B 67/0019: {of phthalocyanines} - G03G 5/0696: {Phthalocyanines} - C09B: ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES {, e.g. PIGMENTS}; MORDANTS; LAKES (fermentation or enzyme using processes to synthesise a desired chemical compound C12P) - G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY ## Abstract A layered photoconductive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate, a photogenerating layer and a charge transport layer, and wherein the photogenerating layer contains Type IV titanyl phthalocyanine obtained by a process which comprises the addition of an oxytitanium phthalocyanine containing a mixture of Type I and Type II titanyl phthalocyanine polymorphs, or a substantially pure Type II titanyl phthalocyanine polymorph to a solvent comprised of a trihaloacetic acid and an alkylene halide; adding the resultant solution to a mixture which enables precipitation of Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine; separating the Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine from the solution; and thereafter subjecting the Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained to treatment with a halobenzene, followed by the separation of the said Type IV oxytitanium phthalocyanine. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A process for the preparation of Type IV oxytitanium phthalocyanine consisting essentially of the addition of an oxytitanium phthalocyanine containing dissimilar amounts of the Type I and Type II titanyl phthalocyanine polymorphs to a solvent comprised of a trihaloacetic acid and an alkylene halide; adding the resultant solution to a mixture which enables precipitation of Type X phthalocyanine from the solution; and thereafter subjecting a slurry of the Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained to treatment with a halobenzene. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the trihaloacetic acid is trifluoroacetic acid, the alkylene halide is methylene chloride, the precipitation mixture is comprised of an aliphatic alcohol and water, and the halobenzene is chlorobenzene. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein the aliphatic alcohol is methanol. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the halobenzene treatment comprises slurrying 1 part by weight of Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine at about 25.degree. C. in from about 10 volume parts to about 100 volume parts of chlorobenzene for a period of from about 1 minute to about 120 minutes. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the mixture of said Type I and Type II, or a pure Type II oxytitanium phthalocyanine is dissolved in a solvent comprised of 1 part of trifluoroacetic acid and from 1 to 20 parts of methylene chloride. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the precipitation solution mixture is comprised of methanol and water in a ratio of from about 65 percent of methanol and 35 percent of water to about 35 percent of methanol and 65 percent of water, ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resulting Type IV oxytitanium phthalocyanine after isolation is dried by heating at a temperature of from about 25.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) A process in accordance with claim 6 wherein a vacuum is applied to assist drying at lower temperatures. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein from 0 to 95 percent of Type I and 100 to 5 percent of Type II titanyl phthalocyanine are selected. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein from 58 percent of Type I and 42 percent of Type II titanyl phthalocyanine are selected. ### Claim 11 A process for the preparation of Type IV oxytitanium phthalocyanine consisting essentially of adding dissimilar amounts of Type I titanyl phthalocyanine and Type II titanyl phthalocyanine to a solvent mixture of trifluoroacetic acid and an alkylene halide wherein alkylene contains from 1 to about 15 carbon atoms; adding the resulting solution to a mixture which enables precipitation of Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine, which mixture is comprised of water and an aliphatic alcohol and wherein said aliphatic contains from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; separating the Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine from the solution; and forming a slurry of the Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine with a halobenzene. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the alkylene halide is methylene chloride, the alcohol is methanol, and the halobenzene is chlorobenzene. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein there is selected from about 1 part of said acid to about 1 to 20 parts of said alkylene halide. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) A process in accordance with claim 13 wherein said alkylene halide is methylene chloride and the ratio of said trifluoroacetic acid and methylene chloride is from about 1 part of acid to about 4 parts of methylene chloride. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein said mixture that enables precipitation of Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine contains from about 65 percent of alcohol and 35 percent of water to 35 percent of alcohol and 65 percent of water. ### Claim 16 A process for the preparation of titanyl Type IV oxytitanium phthalocyanine consisting of (1) dissolving a Type I and Type II oxytitanium phthalocyanine mixture, or the Type II alone, in a solvent comprised of trifluoroacetic acid and methylene chloride in a ratio of about 1 part of acid to about 1 to 20 parts of methylene chloride, and stirring the solution for an effective period of time of from about 1 minute to about 2 hours; (2) pouring or adding the resultant solution into a rapidly stirred precipitant mixture comprised of methanol and water in a ratio of from about 65 percent of methanol and 35 percent of water to about 35 percent of methanol and 65 percent of water, which precipitant mixture is selected in a ratio of from about 1 part of the solution of 1 to 2 parts of precipitant to about 1 part of the solution of 1 to 50 parts of precipitant at a temperature of from about -5.degree. to about 5.degree. C. over a period of from 1 minute to about 2 hours to ensure rapid efficient mixing; (3) isolating the Type X oxytitanium phthalocyanine obtained; (4) slurrying the Type X polymorph in chlorobenzene for an effective period of time of from 1 minute to 2 hours to enable complete conversion to Type IV oxytitanium phthalocyanine.