Production of either an alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate or a sulphurised alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate
AssigneeBP Chemicals (Additives) Limited
InventorsCharles Cane, Anthony Garner
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Alkaline earth metal alkyl phenates are produced by reacting at elevated temperature, in the presence or absence of sulphur, an alkyl phenol with an alkaline earth metal base in the presence as solvent of either an alkylene or polyalkylene alkyl ether of formula R(OR.sup.1).sub.x OR.sup.2 wherein R is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, R.sup.1 is alkylene, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl and x is an integer in the range 1 to 6 and as catalyst an inorganic halide, preferably a hydrogen halide, an ammonium halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, a zinc halide or an aluminum halide. It is preferred to add an acid. Furthermore, carbon dioxide is preferably incorporated in the phenate.
Claims20
a process for producing a sulphurised alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate comprising reacting at elevated temperature in the range 130.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., in the presence of sulphur, an alkyl phenol with an alkaline earth metal base in the presence as solvent of either an alkylene glycol alkyl ether or a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether of formula:
- R(OR.sup.1).sub.x OR.sup.2
- wherein R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl group, R.sup.1 is alkylene, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl and x is an integer in the range 1 to 6 and employing as a catalyst an inorganic halide.
A process for producing an alkaline earth metal alkyl phenate comprising reacting at elevated temperature in the range 130.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., in the absence of sulphur, an alkyl phenol with an alkaline earth metal base in the presence as solvent of either an alkylene glycol alkyl ether or a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether of the formula:
- R(OR.sup.1).sub.x OR.sup.2
- wherein R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl group, R.sup.1 is alkylene, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl and x is an integer in the range 1 to 6 and employing as a catalyst an inorganic halide.
A process for producing a sulfurized alkaline-earth metal substituted phenate comprising reacting sulfur or a sulfur donating material and a detergent essentially consisting of a substituted phenol with an alkaline-earth metal base at a temperature in the range of about 50.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. wherein said reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which comprises an inorganic acid or salt thereof and a solvent which is methyl digol.
A method for the preparation of an overbased sulfurized calcium phenate which comprises:
- (a) preparing a neutral sulfurized calcium phenate by the method which comprises selecting a phenolic composition from the group consisting of sulfurized hydrocarbyl-substituted phenols and mixtures of at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol with a sulfur-donating material selected from the group consisting of sulfur monochloride, sulfur dichloride and elemental sulfur, and reacting said phenolic composition with a calcium base selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, wherein said reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a monobasic inorganic acid or salt thereof, said reaction is carried out at a temperature in the range from about 50.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. and the amount of said catalyst is from about 0.01 to about 0.3 mole per equivalent of phenolic oxygen;
- and (b) reacting the product of (a) with a calcium base selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, and treating the reaction mixture with carbon dioxide at least until the carbon dioxide absorption essentially stops, wherein said reaction of the product (a) is carried out in the presence of said catalyst at a temperature in the range from about 0.degree. to about 300.degree. C. wherein the amount of calcium base in steps (a) and (b) is 1.0 to 10 moles per equivalent of phenolic oxygen and the molar ratio of sulfur donating material to hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol is at least 0.5/1.0.
A process of making a neutral or normal sulfurized alkaline-earth metal substituted phenate by reacting either (i) a sulfurized hydrocarbyl substituted phenol or (ii) mixture of at least one hydrocarbyl substitute phenol and sulfur or a sulfur donating material with alkaline-earth metal base at a temperature in the range of 50.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which comprises an inorganic acid or salt thereof and in the absence of a carbonating agent such as CO.sub.2.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.