Laser light beam homogenizer and imaging lidar system incorporating same
AssigneeKaman Aerospace Corporation
InventorsKent P. Pflibsen, Albert N. Stuppi
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A new and improved laser light beam homogenizer for transforming a laser beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity into a beam with a more nearly spatially uniform intensity pattern is presented. The light beam is diverged by a lens and presented to an integrator. The integrator transforms the beam into a beam with a more uniform illumination. The uniform illumination beam is then impinged on control optics to limit the divergence of the uniform beam and control higher order distortion in the system. This beam may then be illuminated at a predetermined distance by a projecting optic lens. The laser light beam homogenizer of this invention is particularly well suited for use in an imaging lidar system.
Claims19
In a laser light beam homogenizer having diverging means for diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity, said light having a coherence length L.sub.C with said diverging means providing a diverging light beam, integrator means having a first aperture for receiving said diverging light beam and having a plurality of internally reflective surfaces for forming an array of apparent light sources, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by said integrator means at a second aperture thereof, each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path to said second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam, and minimum path length difference means for providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays coincident at said second aperture and arising from adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said beam, wherein the improvement comprises:
- control optics means for receiving said uniform illumination beam from said integrator means, said control optics means for reducing the divergence and the radiance of said uniform illumination beam, said control optics means providing a controlled beam;
- wherein said control optics means comprises:
- (1) first lens means having a first pair of opposed optical surfaces, one of said first surfaces receiving said uniform illumination beam, said first lens means reducing the divergence of said uniform illumination beam and providing a reduced divergence uniform beam;
- and
- (2) second lens means having a second pair of opposed optical surfaces, one of said second surfaces being disposed adjacent to one of said first surfaces for receiving said reduced divergence uniform beam, said second lens means providing said controlled beam and controlling higher order distortion in said controlled beam;
- and
- wherein said first lens comprises a plano-convex lens, whereby one of said first surfaces is convex and one of said first surfaces is flat;
- and
- wherein said second lens comprises an aspheric lens.
A laser light beam homogenizer comprising:
- diverging mans for diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity, said light having a coherence length L.sub.C, said diverging means providing a diverging light beam;
- integrator means having a first aperture for receiving said diverging light beam and having a plurality of internally reflective surfaces for forming an array of apparent light sources, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by said integrator means at a second aperture thereof, each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path to said second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam;
- minimum path length difference means for providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays coincident at said second aperture and arising from adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said beam;
- control optics means for receiving said uniform illumination beam from said integrator means, said control optics means for reducing the divergence and the radiance of said uniform illumination beam, said control optics means providing a controlled beam;
- wherein at least one of said plurality of internally reflective surfaces being a movable internally reflective surface;
- and
- means for moving said movable internally reflective surface to control the aspect ratio of said uniform illumination beam.
A method for homogenizing a laser light beam, comprising the steps of:
- diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity to provide a diverging light beam, said light beam having a coherence length L.sub.C ;
- forming an array of apparent light sources form said diverging light beam, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by an integrator at a first aperture thereof, each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path from said first aperture to a second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam;
- providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays coincident at said second aperture and arising from adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said light beam;
- and
- reducing the divergence and radiance of said uniform illumination beam to provide a controlled uniform beam;
- wherein at least one of said plurality of internally reflective surfaces being a movable internally reflective surface;
- and
- moving said movable internally reflective surface to control the aspect ratio of said uniform illumination beam.
A laser light beam homogenizer comprising:
- diverging means for diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity, said light beam having a coherence length L.sub.C, said diverging means providing a diverging light beam;
- integrator means having a first aperture for receiving said diverging light beam and having a plurality of movable internally reflective surfaces for forming an array of apparent light sources, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by said integrator means at a second aperture thereof each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path to said second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam;
- means for moving said movable internally reflective surface to control the aspect ratio of said uniform illumination beam;
- and
- minimum path length difference means for providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays coincident at said second aperture and arising from adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said light beam.
In a laser light beam homogenizer having diverging means for diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity, said light having a coherence length L.sub.C with said diverging means providing a diverging light beam, integrator means having a first aperture for receiving said diverging light beam and having a plurality of internally reflective surfaces for forming an array of apparent light sources, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by said integrator means at a second aperture thereof, each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path to said second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam, and minimum path length difference means for providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays conincident at said second aperture and arising form adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said beam, wherein the improvement comprises:
- control optics means for receiving said uniform illumination beam, said control optics means reducing the divergence of said uniform illumination beam and providing a controlled beam, wherein said control optics means comprises:
- (1) first lens means having a first pair of opposed optical surfaces, one of said first surfaces receiving said uniform illumination beam, said first lens means reducing the divergence of said uniform illumination beam and providing a reduced divergence uniform beam;
- and
- (2) second lens means having a second pair of opposed optical surfaces, one of said second surfaces being disposed adjacent to one of said first surfaces for receiving said reduced divergence uniform beam, said second lens means providing said controlled beam and controlling higher order distortion in said controlled beam;
- and
- wherein said first lens comprises a plano-convex lens, whereby one of said first surfaces is convex and one of said first surfaces is flat;
- and
- wherein said second lens comprises an aspheric lens.
A laser light beam homogenizer comprising:
- diverging means for diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity, said light having a coherence length L.sub.C, said diverging means providing a diverging light beam;
- integrator means having a first aperture for receiving said diverging light beam and having a plurality of internally reflective surfaces for forming an array of apparent light sources, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by said integrator means at a second aperture thereof, each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path to said second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam;
- minimum path length difference means for providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays coincident at said second aperture and arising from adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said beam;
- control optics means for receiving said uniform illumination beam, said control optics means reducing the divergence of said uniform illumination beam and providing a controlled beam;
- wherein at least one of said plurality of internally reflective surfaces being a movable internally reflective surface;
- and
- means for moving said movable internally reflective surface to control the aspect ratio of said uniform illumination beam.
A method for homogenizing a laser light beam, comprising the steps of:
- diverging a light beam with spatially inhomogeneous intensity to provide a diverging light beam, said light beam having a coherence length L.sub.C ;
- forming an array of apparent light sources from said diverging light beam, the light from each apparent source in said array being superposed by an integrator at a first aperture thereof, each individual light ray from each apparent source following a distinct light path from said first aperture to a second aperture to provide a uniform illumination beam;
- providing a minimum path length difference between the individual path lengths of any two rays coincident at said second aperture and arising from adjacent apparent sources in said array, said minimum path length difference means being at least said coherence length L.sub.C of said light beam;
- reducing the divergence of said uniform illumination beam to provide a controlled uniform beam;
- wherein at least one of said plurality of internally reflective surfaces being a movable internally reflective surface;
- and
- moving said movable internally reflective surface to control the aspect ratio of said uniform illumination beam.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.