Back to results
US 5,298,327 AGranted
High temperature plastic light conduit and composition of matter therefor
AssigneeLumenyte International Corporation
InventorsJamshid Zarian, John A. Robbins
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
A plastic light conduit of cross-linked polymer material having good light transmitting characteristics, without voids or noticeable bubbles, is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of manufacture and an apparatus, involving progressive heating of reactive monomer mixture in a tube which is submerged in a progressive reactor utilizing cold oil to maintain a cold, non-reacting zone, and hot water to create a hot zone that causes reaction, while simultaneously carrying away the excess exothermic heat of reaction.
Claims37
A monofilament fiber optic pipe, wherein the improvement comprises:
- a substantially transparent, solid, flexible, essentially impurity free, thermoset polymer,
- said polymer being the polymerization reaction product of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of esters, vinyl esters, styrenes and hydrocarbon derivatives of styrene and whereby said pipe has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
A monofilament fiber optic pipe having improved light transmission properties comprising:
- a substantially transparent, solid, flexible, essentially impurity free, essentially inhibitor free, essentially initiator free, essentially bubble free, essentially void free thermoset polymer,
- said polymer being the polymerization reaction product of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of esters, vinyl ester, styrene and hydrocarbon derivatives of styrene and whereby said pipe has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
A substantially transparent, tubular, flexible, monofilament fiber optic pipe having a length and a diameter and including a crosslinked polymer being the polymerization reaction product of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of esters, vinyl esters, styrene and hydrocarbon derivatives of styrene, comprising:
- a uniform composition of polymer throughout the length and diameter of said pipe and whereby said pipe has the property of being able to transmit light color truly throughout its length.
A substantially tubular, flexible, monofilament fiber optic pipe having a length and a diameter and including a thermoset polymer being the polymerization reaction product of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of esters, vinyl esters, styrene and hydrocarbon derivatives of styrene, comprising:
- a uniform index of refraction throughout the length and diameter of said pipe and whereby said pipe has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
A substantially tubular, flexible, monofilament fiber optic pipe having a length and a diameter, comprising a thermoset polymer being the polymerization reaction product of a monomer mix including diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate),
- said fiber optic pipe having a substantially uniform index of refraction throughout the length and diameter of said pipe and whereby said pipe has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
A solid, flexible, essentially impurity-free, bubble-free and void-free cross-linked organic polymer light conduit made from the free radical polymerization of reactants comprising:
- essentially inhibitor-free methyl methacrylate at about 50 to 80 parts by volume;
- n-butyl methacrylate at about 20 to 80 parts by volume;
- isopropyl percarbonate at about 0.10 to 0.50 parts by volume;
- diallyl phthalate at about 1 to 5 parts by volume;
- and
- n-butyl mercaptan at about 0.5 to 5.0 parts by volume.
3 more elements
A composition of matter comprising:
- a substantially transparent, flexible, cross-linked, void-free organic polymeric solid having a length dimension and containing;
- methyl methacrylate monomeric units in about 20 to about 160 parts by volume;
- and
- cross-linking agent units in about 1 to about 80 parts by volume selected from the group consisting of allyl diglycol carbonate, diallyl isocyanate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl maleate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl terephthalate, ethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, 1,3-butylene dimethacrylate, trimethylpropane trimethacrylate, diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), diallyl malonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) isophthalate, bis (allylyl) carbonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthalate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthlate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) terephthalate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate 1,4, butanediol dimethacrylate, 2-butene 1,4-diacrylate, 2-butene, 1,4-dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl adipate, diallyl carbonate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl malonate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethallyl maleate, divinylbenzene, ethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl acrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, pentacrythediol tetracrylate, pentacrythediol tetramethacrylate, 1-phenylethylene-1,2-dimethacrylate, p-phenylene dimethacrylate, 2,3-propylene glycol dimethacrylate, styrene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetramethylene diacrylate, tetramethylene dimethacrylate, triallyl trimesate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and trimethylolethane trimethacrylate;
- and
- whereby said composition has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length dimension.
3 more elements
A composition of matter comprising:
- a transparent, flexible, cross-linked organic polymer formed in a generally uniformly cylindrical shape containing:
- essentially inhibitor-free methyl methacrylate monomeric units in about 20 to about 160 parts by volume;
- cross-linking agent units in about 1 to about 80 parts by volume selected from the group consisting of allyl diglycol carbonate, diallyl isocyanate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl maleate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl terephthalate, ethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, 1,3-butylene dimethacrylate, trimethylpropane trimethacrylate, diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), diallyl malonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) isophthalate, bis (allylyl) carbonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthalate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthlate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) terephthalate, 1,4-butanediol, diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 2-butene 1,4-diacrylate, 2-butene, 1,4-dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl adipate, diallyl carbonate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl malonate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethallyl maleate, divinylbenzene, ethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl acrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, pentacrythediol tetracrylate, pentacrythediol tetramethacrylate, 1-phenylethylene-1,2-dimethacrylate, p-phenylene dimethacrylate, 2,3-propylene glycol dimethacrylate, styrene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetramethylene diacrylate, tetramethylene dimethacrylate, triallyl trimesate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and trimethylolethane trimethacrylate,
- whereby said composition has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
1 more element
A composition of matter comprising:
- a transparent, flexible, essentially cross-linked, bubble-free and void-free organic polymer formed in a generally uniformly cylindrical shape and containing:
- methyl methacrylate monomeric units in about 20 to about 160 parts by volume;
- cross-linking agent units in about 1 to about 80 parts by volume selected from the group consisting of allyl diglycol carbonate, diallyl isocyanate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl maleate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl terephthalate, ethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, 1,3-butylene dimethacrylate, trimethylpropane trimethacrylate, diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), diallyl malonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) isophthalate, bis (allylyl) carbonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthalate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthlate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) terphthalate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 2-butene 1,4-diacrylate, 2-butene, 1,4-dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl adipate, diallyl carbonate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl malonate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethallyl maleate, divinylbenzene, ethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl acrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, pentacrythediol tetracrylate, pentacrythediol tetramethacrylate, 1-phenylethylene-1,2-dimethacrylate, p-phenylene dimethacrylate, 2,3-propylene glycol dimethacrylate, styrene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetramethylene diacrylate, tetramethylene dimethacrylate, triallyl trimesate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and trimethylolethane trimethacrylate;
- and
- whereby said composition has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
2 more elements
A composition of matter comprising;
- a transparent, flexible tubular-shaped, cross-linked, essentially bubble-free, essentially void-free polymer containing:
- essentially inhibitor-free methyl methacrylate monomeric units of about 20 to about 160 parts by volume;
- cross-linking agent units of about 1 to about 80 parts by volume selected from the group consisting of allyl diglycol carbonate, diallyl isocyanate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl maleate, diallyl phthalate, diallyl terephthalate, ethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, 1,3-butylene dimethacrylate, trimethylpropane trimethacrylate, diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), diallyl malonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) isophthalate, bis (allylyl) carbonate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthalate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) phthlate, bis (2-methacryloxyethyl) terephthalate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,4 -butanediol dimethacrylate, 2-butene 1,4-diacrylate, 2-butene, 1,4dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, diallyl adipate, diallyl carbonate, diallyl fumarate, diallyl malonate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethallyl maleate, divinylbenzene, ethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene diacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene dimethacrylate, methallyl acrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, 1,9-nonanediol dimethacrylate, pentacrythediol tetracrylate, pentacrythediol tetramethacrylate, 1-phenylethylene-1,2-dimethacrylate, p-phenylene dimethacrylate, 2,3-propylene glycol dimethacrylate, styrene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetramethylene diacrylate, tetramethylene dimethacrylate, triallyl trimesate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate and trimethylolethane trimethacrylate;
- and
- a tubular-shaped clad surrounding the tubular-shaped polymer
- whereby said composition has the property of being able to transmit substantially white light throughout its length.
3 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 70 parts methyl methacrylate,
- (ii) 25 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 10 parts 1,3 butylene dimethacrylate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 0.5 parts benzoyl peroxide, to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 80 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 90 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 100 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
10 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 70 parts Styrene,
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 5 parts Diallyl Phthalate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 0.5 parts benzoyl peroxide, to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a col fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 80 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 90 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 100 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
10 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 70 parts methyl methacrylate,
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 5 parts Triallyl cyanurate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 0.5 parts benzoyl peroxide, to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 80 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 90 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 100 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
10 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 70 parts methyl methacrylate,
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 5 parts Diallyl Phthalate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 0.5 parts diisopropyl peroxy-dicarbonate and 5 parts diethylene glycol bis, to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 45 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 50 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 60 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
10 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 40 parts methyl methacrylate;
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate;
- (iii) 5 parts diallyl phthalate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 30 parts diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate),
- (vi) 5 parts 10% by weight of isopropyl percarbonate in diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- `d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 45 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 50 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 60 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
11 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 40 parts methyl methacrylate;
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 10 parts triallyl cyanurate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 30 parts diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate),
- (vi) 5 parts 10% by weight if isopropyl percarbonate in diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 45 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 50 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 60 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
11 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 30 parts methyl methacrylate,
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 10 parts triallyl cyanurate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (b) 40 parts diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate),
- (vi) 5 parts 10% by weight of isopropyl percarbonate in diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- 3. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 45 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per hour along the length of said tank, over a period of 20 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 50 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 60 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
11 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from:
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 40 parts styrene,
- (ii) 30 parts n-butyl methacrylate,
- (iii) 5 parts diallyl phthalate,
- (iv) 0.5 parts n-butyl mercaptan,
- (v) 30 parts diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate),
- (vi) 5 parts 10% by weight of isopropyl percarbonate in diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate), to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 45 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at a rate of approximately 1 foot per 75 minutes along the length of said tank, over a period of 25 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 50 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 60 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for additional two hours.
11 more elements
A composition of matter comprising the products of reaction resulting from;
- a. simultaneously mixing at room temperature:
- (i) 10 parts vinyl acetate,
- (ii) 10 parts triallyl cyanurate,
- (iii) 80 parts diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate),
- (vi) 10 parts (of 10% by weight of isopropyl percarbonate in diethylene glycol bis (allyl carbonate)), to thereby create a reactive monomer mixture;
- b. placing said monomer mixture in a tube container;
- c. doubling said tube container containing said monomer mixture into a U-shaped configuration and placing the tube in a tank maintained at an upwardly extending angle to the horizontal such that the U-shaped end is closer to the lowermost end of the tank;
- d. filling said tank with a cold fluid maintained at approximately 0 degrees centigrade;
- e. pressurizing said tank to a pressure of approximately 80 psi;
- f. introducing hot fluid heated to a temperature of approximately 55 degrees centigrade into the bottom of the tank and causing added hot fluid to replace an equal volume of cold fluid at rate of approximately 1 foot per 120 minutes along the length of said tank, over a period of 40 hours;
- g. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 70 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours;
- h. raising the temperature of the hot fluid to approximately 90 degrees centigrade and maintaining this temperature for an additional two hours.
9 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.