Digital video effects with image mapping on to curved surface

A data processing device for deriving from a set of two dimensional co-ordinate signals that have been transformed according to curved functions in order to represent, relative to a video image, frame positions to be occupied by an image of a curved surface, intermediate values of the transformed co-ordinate signals to a resolution which is greater than that provided by said set, the data processing device comprising:

• a memory store including a look up table containing for each of a finite number of two dimensional geometric figures within a given range of sizes a corresponding distribution of values of co-ordinate positions within the figure, said values being determined in accordance with vectors of corresponding liner sides of each figure, such that the stored distributions collectively include substantially all possible distributions of such values that can occur within a given incremental area of a digital video image frame;
• means for processing co-ordinate signals representing the corners of a geometric area of a video image frame to derive therefrom respective sets of further signals each defining a geometric figure corresponding to one of the geometric figurers of the look up table;
• means for addressing said memory store with said sets of further signals to retrieve the correspondingly stored distributions of values, and means for generating from said co-ordinate signals and said distributions of values a continuous array of co-ordinate values extending within said geometric area.

A data processing device for deriving from a set of two dimensional co-ordinate signals that have been transformed according to curved functions in order to represent, relative to a video image, frame positions to be occupied by an image of a curved surface, intermediate values of the transformed co-ordinate signals to a resolution which is greater than that provided by said set, the data processing device comprising:

• transformed co-ordinate signal processing means for processing said set of transferred co-ordinate signals to derive therefrom a plurality of subsets of said signals each of which subsets includes a plurality of signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area of a digital video image, and means for processing at least some of said subsets exceeding a given size, a plurality of further sets of co-ordinate signals corresponding to the co-ordinates of a plurality of smaller geometric areas of similar shape into which the first area can be subdivided, said smaller areas each lying within predetermined limits of size;
• a memory store including a look up table containing for each of a finite number of two dimensional geometric figures within a given range of sizes a corresponding distribution of values of co-ordinate positions within the figure, said values being determined in accordance with vectors of corresponding linear sides of each figure, such that the stored distributions collectively include substantially all possible distributions of such values that can occur within a given incremental area of a digital video image frame;
• means for processing co-ordinate signals representing the corners of a geometric area of a video image frame to derive therefrom respective sets of further signals each defining a geometric figure corresponding to one of the geometric figures of the look up table;
• means for addressing said memory store with said sets of further signals to retrieve the correspondingly stored distribution of values, and means for providing from said co-ordinate signals and said distributions of values of continuous array of co-ordinate values extending within said geometric area, wherein the further sets of co-ordinate signals of said transformed co-ordinate signal processing means are provided to the memory store as said co-ordinate signals, and wherein the means for processing said subsets of signals is further arranged to provide to said means for processing said further sets of control signals for avoiding redundancy in the retrieval of stored values corresponding to matching boundaries of adjacent ones of said smaller geometric areas.

A data processing device for deriving from a set of two dimensional co-ordinate signals that have been transformed according to curved functions in order to represent, relative to a video image, frame positions to be occupied by an image of a curved surface, intermediate values of the transformed co-ordinate signals to a resolution which is greater than that provided by said set, the data processing device comprising:

• a) means for processing said set of transformed co-ordinate signals to derive therefrom a plurality of subsets of said signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area of a digital video image;
• b) means for comparing said subsets of signals with respective boundaries of a predetermined image frame, in order to provide output signals determining the presence or absence of each corresponding co-ordinate position within said image frame in a given co-ordinate direction, and means for logically combining said output signals to provide a corresponding control signal only when said geometric area lies wholly outside said predetermined image frame;
• and
• c) means for processing said subsets of signals to derive, for each said geometric area exceeding a given size, a plurality of further sets of co-ordinate signals corresponding to the co-ordinates of a plurality of smaller geometric areas of similar shape into which the first area can be subdivided, said smaller areas each lying within predetermined limits of size;
• said means for processing said subsets of signals being inhibited in response to said control signal.

A data processing device for enabling stored video images to be processed to reproduce image information from one image frame of a video signal so that it appears within another image frame of a video signal as if transposed onto a curved surface, the data processing device comprising:

• means for generating a first set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions of image information within a store containing the picture information of said one image frame;
• means for transforming the values of said first set of co-ordinate signals according to functions defining the desired curved surface in order to derive a second set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions within said other image frame at which the said curved surface will appear:
• means for processing said second set of co-ordinate signals to derive therefrom a plurality of subsets of said signals each of which subsets includes a plurality of signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area of a digital video image;
• subset processing means for processing at least some of said subsets of signals to derive, for each said geometric area exceeding a given size, a plurality of further sets of co-ordinate signals corresponding to the co-ordinates of a plurality of smaller geometric areas of similar shape into which the first area can be subdivided, said smaller areas each lying within predetermined limits of size, said subset processing means comprising:
• a memory store including a look up table containing for each of a finite number of two dimensional geometric figures within a given range of sizes a corresponding distribution of values of co-ordinate positions within the figure, said values being determined in accordance with vectors of corresponding linear sides of each figure, such that the stored distributions collectively include substantially all possible distributions of such values that can occur within a given incremental area of a digital video image frame;
• means for addressing said memory store with said subsets of signals to retrieve the correspondingly stored distributions of values as said further sets of co-ordinate signals;
• means for generating from said second set of co-ordinate signals and said further sets of co-ordinate signals output signals comprising a continuous array of co-ordinate values extending within said geometric area;
• a data store, means for addressing said data store with the said output signals of the said subset processing means and means for writing into said data store values derived from said first set of co-ordinate signals whereby at each co-ordinate address of the store defined by said out signals there are stored corresponding values of input co-ordinates.

A data processing device for enabling stored video images to be processed to reproduce image information from one image frame of a video signal so that it appears within another image frame of a video signal as if transposed onto a curved surface, the data processing device comprising:

• means for generating a first set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions of image information within a store containing the picture information of said one image frame;
• means for transforming the values of said first set of co-ordinate signals according to functions defining the desired curved surface in order to derive a second set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions within said other image frame at which the said curved surface will appear;
• means for processing said second set of co-ordinate signals to derive therefrom a plurality of subsets of said signals each of which subsets includes a plurality of signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area of a digital video image;
• subset processing means for processing at least some of said subsets of signals to derive, for each said geometric area exceeding a given size, a plurality of further sets of co-ordinate signals corresponding to the co-ordinates of a plurality of smaller geometric areas of similar shape into which the first area can be subdivided, said smaller areas each lying within predetermined limits of size, said subset processing means comprising:
• a memory store including a look up table containing for each of a finite number of two dimensional geometric figures within a given range of sizes a corresponding distribution of values of co-ordinate positions within the figure, said values being determined in accordance with vectors of corresponding linear sides of each figure, such that the stored distributions collectively include substantially all possible distributions of such values that can occur within a given incremental area of a digital video image frame;
• and means for addressing said memory store with said subsets of signals to retrieve the correspondingly stored distributions of values as said further sets of co-ordinate signals;
• means for providing from said second set of co-ordinate signals output signals comprising a continuous array of co-ordinate values extending within said geometric area;
• a data store, means for addressing said data store with the said output signals of the said subset processing means, and means for writing into said data store values derived from said first set of co-ordinate signals whereby at each co-ordinate address of the store defined by said output signals there are stored corresponding values of input co-ordinates;
• said writing means comprising an interpolator arranged to receive fractional values of said first set of co-ordinate signals together with the said output signals of said subset processing means and to compute said derived values to be written to the data store.

A data processing device for enabling stored video images to be processed to reproduce image information from one image frame of a video signal so that it appears within another image frame of a video signal as if transposed onto a curved surface, the data process device comprising:

• means for generating a first set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions of image information within a store containing the picture information of said one image frame;
• means for transforming the values of said first set of co-ordinate signals according to functions defining a desired curved surface in order to derive a second set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions within said other image frame at which the said curved surface will appear;
• means for processing said second set of co-ordinate signals to derive therefrom a plurality of subsets of said signals each of which subsets includes a plurality of signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area of a digital video image;
• subset processing means for processing at least some of said subsets of signals to derive, for each of said geometric areas exceeding a given size, a plurality of further sets of co-ordinate signals corresponding to the co-ordinates of a plurality of smaller geometric areas of similar shape into which the first area can be subdivided, said smaller areas each lying within predetermined limits of size, said subset processing means comprising a memory store including a look up table containing for each of a finite number of two dimensional geometric figures within a given range of sizes a corresponding distribution of values of co-ordinate positions within the figure, said values being determined in accordance with vectors of corresponding linear sides of each figure, such that the stored distributions collectively include substantially all possible distributions of such values that can occur within a given incremental area of a digital video image frame;
• and
• means for addressing said memory store with said subsets of signals to retrieve the correspondingly stored distributions of values as said further sets of co-ordinate signals;
• means for generating from said second set of co-ordinate signals and said further sets of co-ordinate signals output signals comprising a continuous array of co-ordinate values extending within said geometric area;
• a data store;
• means for addressing said data store with said output signals of said subset processing means;
• and
• writing means for writing into said data store values derived from said first set of co-ordinate signals whereby at each co-ordinate address of the store defined by said output signals of the subset processing means there are stored corresponding values of input co-ordinates, said writing means including means for comparing said output signals of the subset processing with manually adjustable horizontal and vertical, high and low co-ordinate limits to produce an enable signal whereby said enable signal is false outside said limits, and means for suppressing said writing means when said enable signals is false.

A data processing device for enabling stored video images to be processed to reproduce image information from one image frame of a video signal so that it appears within another image frame of a video signal as if transposed onto a curved surface, the data processing device comprising:

• means for generating a first set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions of image information within a store containing the picture information of said one image frame;
• means for transforming the values of said first set of co-ordinate signals according to functions defining a desired curved surface in order to derive a second set of co-ordinate signals the values of which represent the co-ordinate positions within said other image frame at which the said curved surface will appear;
• means for processing said second set of co-ordinate signals to derive therefrom a plurality of subsets of said signals each of which subsets includes a plurality of signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area of a digital video image;
• subset processing means for processing at least some of said subsets of signals to derive, for each said geometric area exceeding a given size, a plurality of further sets of co-ordinate signals corresponding to the co-ordinates of a plurality of smaller geometric areas of similar shape into which the first area can be subdivided, said smaller areas each lying within predetermined limits of size;
• means for generating from said second set of co-ordinate signals and said further sets of co-ordinate signals output signals comprising a continuous array of co-ordinate values extending within said geometric area;
• a data store;
• means for addressing said data store with output signals of said subset processing means;
• and
• writing means for writing into said data store values derived from said first set of co-ordinate signals whereby at each co-ordinate address of the store defined by said output signals of the subset processing means there are stored corresponding values of input co-ordinates;
• said writing means comprising:
• means for processing said subsets of signals defining immediately adjacent co-ordinate positions at the corners of a given geometric area to obtain a corresponding inverse determinant signal therefrom;
• means for deriving from said subsets of signals, signals representing components of vectors defining the sides of said geometric area;
• further means for processing said subsets of signals in conjunction with said output signals of said subset processing means to obtain component signals of a further vector having its ends defined by said output signals and said subsets of signals;
• transformation means for obtaining in respect of said other image frame, component signals of said further vector, including multiplication means for multiplying said signals with said geometric area vector component signals and said inverse determinant signal;
• and
• addition means for adding said other image frame component signal to said first set of co-ordinate signals whereby the summed signals represent the values to be written to the said data store.