Dynamic color separation display

A dynamic color separation color display system responsive to control signals comprising;

• means for generating from said control signals a color signal conveying only the chromaticity content of said color display,
• means for displaying a color output selectively activated by means for generating at least one energy beam, beam directing means for directing said energy beam to successively selected pixels of a format pattern of repetitive pixels, each said pixel having a color selective area in relation to a reference position of said pixel, and beam control means for controlling the impingement of said energy beam on a said color selective area, said means for generating and said beam directing means being responsive to said control signals,
• dynamic color separation means responsive to said color signal for generating a beam chromaticity control signal for controlling said position and distribution of the energy of impingement of said energy beam by said beam control means on a said color selective area in relation to said reference position in conformance to the chromaticity of said color signal,
• means for generating an index signal representative of the position and distribution of said energy beam during at least a position of the time interval during which said energy beam activates said color output, and
• means for comparing said index signal to a corresponding signal portion derivative of said beam chromaticity control signal and for correcting the position of said beam in response to difference beam said index signal and said signal portion.

A color CRT display system means including:

• a display output,
• a format control surface associated with said display output and comprising a pattern of triads of primary color producing stripes for acting in response to the energy of beam impingement at pixel positions thereon, each said pixel comprising an elemental color control area of a said triad,
• an electron gun and beam control assembly including beam convergence means for generating three electron beams having a beam-to-triad relation wherein a combined beam impingement pattern corresponds to the triad area of a said pixel when in an unconverged state and for converging said three beams so said combined beam impingement pattern is confined within a width equal to a single primary color stripe when in a converged state,
• beam deflection means for directing simultaneously the three beams to successive pixel positions over the coordinates of the format area in a sequence prescribed by a coordinate pair of deflection inputs signals,
• means for controlling the display output brightness by controlling the intensity of all of the beams in proportion to an input video signal,
• color position control means for precisely controlling the position of said beam-to-triad relation with respect to a reference position of said color control area at each successive pixel of said sequence,
• beam distortion control means responsive to said deflection input signals for correcting distortions of the combined beam impingement pattern which result from said beam deflection to a said pixel coordinate position so that said beam-to-triad relation is maintained throughout said beam deflection sequence,
• signal processing means for converting input color signal content into a hue signal component corresponding to dominant hue position across a color triad and a saturation signal equal to the saturation ratio of the color signal,
• color separation means repetitively operative to proportion beam energy to the primary color producing stripes at successive pixel positions wherein said hue signal component positions said combined beam impingement pattern to said dominant hue position of said triads and the saturation signal converges the beams to provide output color chromaticity in conformance with said input color signal.

A color display system having in combination;

• means for producing a color display with a display output activated in response to impingement of at least one directed energy beam onto a display format area of pixels comprising a pattern of triads of primary color activating stripes extending parallel to a pair of sides of said format area, each of said pixels having an elemental color control area comprising a portion of a said triad in prescribed relation to a reference position of said pixel,
• means for generating a pair of input deflection signals representative of the coordinates of said each pixel reference position,
• beam control and deflection means responsive to said deflection signals for directing said beam to the coordinate positions of said pixels in prescribed sequence cycles, said directing being subject to instability and to distortion error,
• a pair of index signal generating stripes parallel to said primary color strips, each of said index signal generating stripes being on a respective side of said format and responsive to beam impingement thereon for generating said index signal,
• deflection stabilizing means responsive to said index signals for correcting the amplitude sensitivity and positional centering of said deflection means to make the deflection of said directed beam correspond to a side of the form at when said beam deflection means receives a said input deflection signal representing said side of the format, and
• error correction means responsive to said input deflection signals and applied for correcting said position distortion error sin the deflection of said directed beam to each said pixel's coordinate reference position, and
• color separation means for control of the intensity, position and distribution of the impingement of said beam in relation to said reference position of each said pixel to produce said color output.

A CRT color display system responsive to electrical input control signals including luminance and chrominance signal components comprising:

• a display output,
• means for generating, controlling, and deflecting an electron beam, wherein the intensity of said beam is controlled by said luminance signal to provide monochrome output luminosity of said display,
• a display output associated format comprising a pattern of triads of strips, each of said stripes controlling or producing a corresponding primary color output in response to the energy of beam impingement thereon to provide said luminosity,
• beam deflection means directing said electron beam to elemental triad pixel positions in a raster scan sequence over the format area in which line scan is normal to said triads,
• dynamic color separation means for controlling the color output of said display output comprising:
• a ramp generator for generating a ramp voltage applied as a minor deflection to said line scan and having a cyclic period equal to the time of said beam's line scan crossing of a corresponding said triad and at an amplitude level to arrest beam movement at a first primary stripe at the beginning of said ramp voltage, means generating from said luminance and chrominance signals three primary color signals, the sum of the amplitudes of said three primary color signals equalling the waveform amplitude of said ramp voltage;
• first voltage coincidence means for detecting when said ramp voltage equals a first color signal corresponding to said first primary stripe and applied for stepping the beam from said first stripe to a second stripe, second voltage coincidence means for detecting when the sum of the voltage level of said first color signal and the voltage level of a second color signal corresponding to said second stripe equals said ramp voltage and for stepping the beam from said second to the third stripe of said triad for the duration of the ramp interval, said first and second voltage coincidence means and said line scan stepping the beam to the first stripe of the succeeding triad during the recovery interval of said ramp cycle, and
• beam position control means for maintaining position of the beam centered on each of said corresponding primary stripes during each interval of beam arrest.

A color CRT display system responsive to primary color input control signals comprising:

• a display output,
• a display output associated format comprising a pattern of triads of primary color phosphor stripes,
• an electron gun for producing three electron beams that are directed to enable undeflected beam impingement of each to a designated color stripe of said triad and for intensity modulation of each of said beams by a corresponding color signal, wherein the width of each of said electron beams is confined to the width of a respective said designated color stripe, and the height of each of said beams is substantially equal to the distance between scan lines of a raster scan, thereby to establish a beam-to-triad relation.
• beam deflection means deflecting said beams simultaneously in said raster scan to match format size and wherein line scan is directed normal to said stripes.
• ramp generator means for providing minor beam deflection to arrest the beams at each triad position for the interval of line scan transition there-across,
• color position control means for maintaining each of the beams centered on a respective designated color stripe during arrest intervals, and
• beam distortion control means responsive to input signals corresponding to beam coordinate position for correcting distortions of the three beam pattern which results from said deflection to said beam coordinate position for maintaining the beam-to-triad relation throughout the raster scanning cycle.

In a color display system responsive to an input color control signal representative of a continuous range of input chromaticity values and wherein color output is actuated by the energy of impingement of at least one electron beam on successively selected pixels of a from at area comprising a pattern of triads of primary color controlling stripes, said triads, stripes, and beam having respective predetermined widths, each of said pixels comprising an elemental color control area of a said triad, the improvement comprising,

• dynamic color separation means acting in response to separation control signals for apportioning the energy of impingement on said successive pixels in proportion to an output chromaticity value by determining the position and distribution of energy of impingement of said electron beam about said position by beam motion and size control in relation to the color control area of said successive pixels, said separation control signals being responsive at the rate of chromaticity change at successively pixels, and
• color error correction means responsive to said input color control signal for generating color control signal components representative of components of said input chromaticity value, said color error correction means being responsive to a reference signal having timing and amplitude relationships corresponding to those of said input chromaticity values for generating modifying waveforms at the frequency of said reference signal and at the third harmonic of said frequency, said waveforms being applied for combination with said input color control signal components to generate said separate control signals whereby the error discrepancies between said continuous input color control signal and said predetermined width parameters of said format pattern and of said beam are corrected so that said output chromaticity value corresponds to said color signals input chromaticity value at each said successive pixel.

A color display responsive to input control signals in a prescribed time control sequence comprising:

• a display control system having a color separation means wherein the color output of said color display is activated by controlled impingement of a directed energy beam on successive pixels of a display format pattern of triads of primary color activating elements in which each said pixel comprises an elemental color control area of a said triad in relation to a reference position of that triad,
• color position control means wherein impingement of said directed energy beam in relation to said pixel is corrected to conform to said reference position of successive pixels,
• beam deflection means for directing said energy beam to the coordinate positions over the area of said display format in the sequence of said successive pixels,
• said display control system providing time sensitive control signals for controlling said color separation means, said position control means, said beam deflection means, and auxiliary means supportive of said display control system;
• typical time sensitivities of said means including but not limited to color separation primary color and triad rates, color error correction, position control indexing rates, error reversal and beam energy control pulse rates, beam distortion control, format position distortion control, deflection coordinate timing, raster timing, and interlace control;
• time control means comprising a timing generator having a master clock for generating a master control frequency at the frequency of the highest rate control signal required by the display and a divider chain generating a timing signal output for controlling the timing of said highest rate control signal and generating a subfrequency timing signal corresponding to the rate of each said time sensitive control signal for controlling the timing of each said control signal of said display control system.