Liquid catalysts for rapid polymerization of liquid compositions bases on polyisocyanates and epoxides
AssigneeIstituto Guido Donegani S.p.A.
InventorsFabrizio Parodi, Carlo Belgiovine, Carla Zannoni
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Abstract
The present invention relates to quaternary .beta.-hydroxy-alkyl-ammonium halides and quaternary .beta.-hydroxy-cycloalkylammonium halides, which are liquid at temperatures lower than 60.degree. C., are easily and rapidly miscible in liquid epoxides, as well as in liquid poly-isocianates, generating liquid compositions which spontaneously polymerize, with fast polymerization rate, already at temperatures comprised within the range of from 0.degree. C. to 60.degree. C., yielding a solid, insoluble polymeric material endowed with very high values of softening temperature.
Claims11
Liquid reactive compositions, rapidly polymerizing starting from temperatures lower than 60.degree. C., comprising:
- (A) at least one organic polyisocyanate;
- (B) a monoepoxide or polyepoxide, or a mixture of different mono-and/or polyepoxides;
- (C) at least one catalyst which is liquid at temperatures lower than 60.degree. C., selected from among quaternary .beta.-hydroxyalkylammonium halides or quaternary .beta.-hydroxycycloalkylammonium halides of formula (I) ##STR9## wherein:
- A and B, different from each other, are --OH or an
- -N.sup.+ R.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3
- moiety, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different from one another, are C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl radicals, C.sub.3 -C.sub.14 cycloalkyl radicals, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aromatic radicals, or C.sub.4 -C.sub.24 radicals of mixed alkyl, cycloalkyl and/or aromatic character, optionally containing one or more functional groups selected from among ether group, olefinic double bond or acetylenic triple bond, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, taken jointly, can also constitute, together with the quaternary nitrogen atom, a heterocyclic structure;
- E and Z, which may be the same or different from one another, are H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 alkyl radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 cycloalkyl radical, a C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aromatic radical, or a C.sub.4 -C.sub.24 radical of mixed alkyl, cycloalkyl and/or aromatic character, optionally containing one or more functional groups selected from among ether group, olefinic double bond or acetylenic triple bond, wherein Z can also be replaced by a simple covalent bond with the Y moiety;
- Y is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.50 alkyl radical, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.36 cycloalkyl radical, a C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 aromatic radical, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.14 heterocyclic radical with heteroatoms being selected from among O, N, S or P, or a C.sub.4 -C.sub.50 radical of mixed alkyl, aromatic and/or cycloalkyl character, optionally containing one or more functional groups selected from among ether, thioether, ester, carbonate, amido groups, olefinic double bond or acetylenic triple bond, and
- X is a halide ion, selected from Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.- and I.sup.-.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.