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US 5,264,018 AGranted
Use of metallic peroxides in biormediation
AssigneePlant Research Laboratories
InventorsStephen Koenigsberg, William A. Farone
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Disclosed is a method of decontaminating soil by applying to the soil an oxygen delivery vehicle such as peroxides of calcium, potassium or magnesium or mixture thereof in an amount which substantially increases the population of microorganism in the soil that digest pollutants. Preferably, a surfactant and an oxygen release rate modifier are also included.
Claims34
A method of treating media contaminated with pollutants of the type which are treatable by microorganisms in the media comprising:
- applying to the media a composition containing a metal peroxide intercalated with a source of simple phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of dihydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, hydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, and mixtures thereof,
- said composition being applied in an amount effective to substantially increase the pollutant-treating activity of the population of microorganisms in the media,
- said composition being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate by having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and thereafter
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition.
3 more elements
A composition for enhancement of in situ biological treatment of waste materials from a portion of earth containing such materials, comprising:
- a metal peroxide selected from the group consisting of calcium peroxide or magnesium peroxide, intercalated with a source of simple phosphate for slowing the release of oxygen from said metal peroxide,
- said metal peroxide being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate selected from the group consisting of dihydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, hydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, and mixtures thereof, by being present in a composition having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and thereafter
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition.
2 more elements
A method of delivering oxygen in a time-release fashion to a treatment site below a media surface, comprising the steps of:
- carrying oxygen to a first depth below the surface in the form of a composition containing a metal peroxide, said composition having a granulation mix of no larger than about 200 mesh;
- liberating oxygen from said metal peroxide in a time-release fashion by controlling the decomposition of said peroxide in said composition through intercalation in said composition of a source of phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of dihydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, hydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, and mixtures thereof, said composition being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate by having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and thereafter
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition;
- and
- carrying said liberated oxygen to a further second depth below the surface by use of a surfactant.
4 more elements
A method of enhancing the biological treatment of undesired material of the type capable of biological degradation by microorganisms of the type having an aerobic metabolic pathway in a media containing such undesired material and containing such microorganisms, said media of the type having a first reduction oxidation potential, comprising the steps of:
- identifying a site containing said media containing such undesired material and containing such microorganisms;
- consistently increasing the redox potential of said media for at least two days by applying to the media a composition comprising a metal peroxide intercalated with a source of simple phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of dihydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, hydrogen phosphate alkali metal salts, urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, and mixtures thereof, in an amount which consistently provides an increase in the reduction oxidation potential of said media for at least two days to a second, higher reduction oxidation potential, thereby consistently providing a more favorable environment for the biological treatment of the undesired material for at least two days by consistently enhancing the aerobic metabolic pathway of said microorganisms and thereby increasing the degradation of said undesired material by said microorganisms,
- said composition being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate by having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition.
3 more elements
A method of treating media contaminated with pollutants of the type which are treatable by microorganisms in the media comprising:
- applying to the media a composition containing a metal peroxide intercalated with at least one source of simple phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of salts of phosphorus in which for each phosphorus containing salt the negatively charted portion of the compound contains only one atom of phosphorus,
- said composition being applied in an amount effective to substantially increase the pollutant-treating activity of the population of microorganisms in the media,
- said composition being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate by having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and thereafter
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition.
3 more elements
A composition for enhancement of in situ biological treatment of waste materials from a portion of earth containing such materials, comprising:
- a metal peroxide selected from the group consisting of calcium peroxide or magnesium peroxide, intercalated with a source of simple phosphate for slowing the release of oxygen from said metal peroxide,
- said metal peroxide being intercalated with a source of at least one simple phosphate selected from the group consisting of salts of phosphorus in which for each phosphorus containing salt the negatively charged portion of the compound contains only one atom of phosphorus, by being present in a composition having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and thereafter
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition.
2 more elements
A method of delivering oxygen in a time-release fashion to a treatment site below a media surface, comprising the steps of:
- carrying oxygen to a first depth below the surface in the form of a composition containing a metal peroxide, said composition having a granulation mix of no larger than about 200 mesh;
- liberating oxygen from said metal peroxide in a time-release fashion by controlling the decomposition of said peroxide in said composition through intercalation in said composition of at least one source of phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of salts of phosphorus in which for each phosphorus containing salt the negatively charged portion of the compound contains only one atom of phosphorus, said composition being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate by having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and thereafter
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition;
- and
- carrying said liberated oxygen to a further second depth below the surface by use of a surfactant.
4 more elements
A method of enhancing the biological treatment of undesired material of the type capable of biological degradation by microorganisms of the type having an aerobic metabolic pathway in a media containing such undesired material and containing such microorganisms, said media of the type having a first reduction oxidation potential, comprising the steps of:
- identifying a site containing said media containing such undesired material and containing such microorganisms;
- consistently increasing the redox potential of said media for at least two days by applying to the media a composition comprising a metal peroxide intercalated with at least one source of simple phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of salts of phosphorus in which for each phosphorus containing salt the negatively charged portion of the compound contains only one atom of phosphorus, in an amount which consistently provides an increase in the reduction oxidation potential of said media for at least two days to a second, higher reduction oxidation potential, thereby consistently providing a more favorable environment for the biological treatment of the undesired material for at least two days by consistently enhancing the aerobic metabolic pathway of said microorganisms and thereby increasing the degradation of said undesired material by said microorganisms,
- said composition being intercalated with a source of simple phosphate by having been prepared by a method comprising:
- reacting a metal oxide, metal hydroxide or metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of said source of simple phosphate ion;
- and
- drying the product produced in the reacting step to remove the water therefrom and provide an intercalated composition.
3 more elements
A method of making a dried peroxide composition comprising:
- (A) forming a metal peroxide by reacting a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or a metal carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a source of phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and a mixture thereof;
- and thereafter,
- (B) drying the product produced from step (A) to remove the water therefrom and to provide a granular composition.
A method of making a dried peroxide composition comprising:
- (A) forming magnesium peroxide by reacting magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, or magnesium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a source of phosphate ion selected from the group consisting of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and a mixture thereof;
- and thereafter,
- (B) drying the magnesium peroxide so produced from step (A) to remove the water therefrom and to provide a granular composition.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.